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本研究探討稻稈或稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合之介質是否可供作甘藍與番茄作物育苗之用，期望能將農產廢棄物之一的稻稈再利用並減緩蔬菜育苗業者對進口泥炭土之依賴。
在以不同比例碎化稻稈(0%、5%、25%和50%)與泥炭土混合後作為甘藍與番茄穴盤苗栽培介質之試驗中，介質原料之化學性質分析顯示碎化稻稈之酸鹼度偏鹼性，電導度(0.21-0.26 dS m-1)則略低於商用育苗介質，物理性質分析顯示碎化稻稈之添加可增加介質的總孔隙度。發芽試驗結果顯示，甘藍與番茄種子於添加碎化稻稈之介質濾液中之發芽率與對照組無顯著差異，說明碎化稻稈對甘藍與番茄種子之發芽並無抑制作用。在甘藍及番茄之育苗試驗中，甘藍幼苗之狀苗指數與絕對長速率在碎化稻稈含量為5%之混合介質處理與對照組相較無顯著差異，顯示碎化稻稈可取代5%泥炭土作為甘藍育苗介質之用，而應用於番茄育苗介質時則可取代高達25%之泥炭土比例。
在以理想粒徑之稻稈與泥炭土混合後作為甘藍與番茄穴盤苗栽培介質之試驗中，先將稻稈碎化區分為兩種不同之理想粒徑，再分別以不同比例(0%、5%、15%和25%)與商用育苗介質混合作為試驗用之育苗介質。結果顯示混合介質在物化性質上均符合理想的商業栽培育苗介質之要求，育苗試驗結果發現兩種不同理想粒徑之碎化稻稈混合介質對於甘藍及番茄幼苗之生長有相似的影響，具體而言之，應用含15%任一理想粒徑稻稈之混合介質與泥炭土所培育之甘藍或番茄幼苗在大部分的生育性狀、狀苗指數和絕對生長速率皆無顯著差異，兩種理想粒徑之碎化稻稈替代泥炭土作為甘藍或番茄育苗介質之比例均可達到15%。
在以不同比例稻稈生物炭(0%、5%、25%和50%)與泥炭土混合後作為甘藍與番茄穴盤苗栽培介質之試驗中，介質的物理性質分析顯示含不同比例稻稈生物炭混合介質之物理性質與泥炭土之物理性質均很相似，而介質原料之化學性質分析顯示稻稈生物炭之酸鹼度偏鹼性。發芽試驗結果顯示，甘藍與番茄種子於添加稻稈生物炭混合介質濾液中之發芽率與對照組無顯著差異，說明稻稈生物炭對甘藍與番茄種子發芽並無抑制作用。在甘藍或番茄之育苗試驗中，分別含25%或50%稻稈生物炭之混合介質所培育幼苗之狀苗指數與絕對生長速率與對照組相較無顯著差異，顯示稻稈生物炭分別可取代25%或50%泥炭土作為甘藍或番茄育苗介質之用。

In this study, rice straw was used as a growth substrate to partially replace peat moss for vegetable transplants cultivation. The reutilization of rice straw not only reduces agricultural residues but diminishes the reliance of vegetable growers on peat moss. First of all, shredded rice straw was mixed with a commercial growing medium (peat moss) in different proportions (0%, 5%, 25%, and 50%, by volume). Chemical analysis of the shredded rice staw indicated that it is a weak base, and the electrical conductivity of the shredded rice straw is lower than peat moss. The application of the shredded rice straw in growth substrate increased the total porosity of the substrate. There was no significant difference in seed germination rate between filtrates of rice straw containing substrates and peat moss, suggesting that rice straw had no inhibitory effect on seed germination. Analysis of cabbage seedling growth revealed that substrate containing 5% rice straw produced transplants with similar seedling index and absolute growth rate relative to the control, and similar results were observed in the substrate containing 25% rice straw for tomato transplant production. These results showed that rice straw may replace 5% peat moss as a cabbage transplant growing medium, while 25% peat moss may be replaced by rice straw as the tomato transplant growing medium.
Secondly, rice straw was prepared into two different ideal particle sizes to be mixed with peat moss as growth substrate for cabbage and tomato transplant production. Our results indicated that the physical properties of the mixed growth substrate is suitable for seedling growth. In this case, rice straw with ideal particle size was mixed with a commercial growing medium (peat moss) in different proportions (0%, 5%, 15%, and 25%, by volume). Analysis of cabbage and tomato seedling growth revealed that substrate containing 15% rice straw with ideal particle sizes produced transplants with similar seedling index and absolute growth rate relative to those of the control. These results showed that rice straw with ideal particle size may replace peat moss up to 15% as a vegetable transplant growing medium.
Thirdly, rice straw was turned into biochar and then mixed with a commercial growing medium (peat moss) in different proportions (0%, 5%, 25%, and 50%, by volume). Chemical analysis of rice staw biochar indicated that it is a weak base. Interestingly, analysis of physical properties of the rice straw biochar containing substrates revealed that they were similar to those of peat moss. No significant difference in seed germination rate was noticed between treatments with filtrates of various rice straw biochar containing substrates and that of peat moss, suggesting that rice straw biochar had no inhibitory effect on seed germination.
Analysis of cabbage or tomato seedling growth revealed that substrate containing 25% or 50% rice straw biochar produced transplants with similar seedling index and absolute growth rate relative to the control, respectively. These results suggested that rice straw biochar may replace 25% or 50% peat moss as a cabbage or tomato transplant growing medium, respectively.

目錄
中文摘要..........................................i
Abstract.........................................ii
表目次............................................v
圖目次...........................................vii
壹、前言..........................................1
貳、前人研究.......................................2
一、蔬菜育苗栽培之介紹..............................2
二、常用栽培介質與理想之栽培介質特性.................3
三、水稻副產物再利用之現況..........................7
四、生物炭之特性及利用..............................9
參、材料方法.......................................13
試驗一、介質原料物理與化學性質分析...................13
試驗二、碎化稻稈混合介質應用於甘藍及番茄育苗試驗......16
試驗三、理想粒徑之稻稈混合介質應用於甘藍及番茄育苗試驗...19
試驗四、稻稈生物炭混合介質應用於甘藍及番茄育苗試驗.....20
肆、結果...........................................21
試驗一、介質原料物理與化學性質分析...................21
試驗二、碎化稻稈混合介質應用於甘藍及番茄育苗試驗.......22
試驗三、理想粒徑之稻稈混合介質應用於甘藍及番茄育苗試驗...25
試驗四、稻稈生物炭混合介質應用於甘藍及番茄育苗試驗.....29
伍、討論...........................................64
試驗一、介質物理與化學性質分析.......................64
試驗二、介質發芽試驗................................71
試驗三、介質育苗試驗................................72
陸、結論...........................................75
柒、參考文獻.......................................76
附錄...............................................84
 
表目次
表1. 碎化稻稈混合介質試驗各介質處理代號及混合比例之說明.....16
表2. 理想粒徑之稻稈混合介質試驗各介質處理代號及混合比例之說明.....................................................19
表3. 稻稈生物炭混合介質試驗各介質處理代號及混合比例之說明...20
表4. 介質之物理性質.....................................33
表5. 介質之酸鹼值(pH)、電導度(EC)、總碳含量(C)、總酚含量(TPC)及陽離子交換能力(CEC)...................................34
表6. 介質之大量營養元素含量..............................34
表7. 介質之微量營養元素含量..............................34
表8. 泥炭土、碎化稻稈及泥炭土與碎化稻稈混合介質之物理性質...35
表9. 泥炭土、碎化稻稈及泥炭土與碎化稻稈混合介質之酸鹼值(pH)、電導度(EC)、總碳含量(C)及總酚含量(TPC)...................36
表10. 泥炭土、碎化稻稈及泥炭土與碎化稻稈混合介質之大量營養元素含量.....................................................37
表11. 泥炭土、碎化稻稈及泥炭土與碎化稻稈混合介質之微量營養元素含量...................................................37
表12. 碎化稻稈與泥炭土混合介質之粒徑分布..................38
表13. 泥炭土、碎化稻稈及泥炭土與碎化稻稈混合介質對甘藍及番茄種子發芽影響..............................................39
表14. 碎化稻稈與泥炭土混合介質對甘藍苗生長之影響...........40
表15. 碎化稻稈與泥炭土混合介質對甘藍苗狀苗指數與絕對生長速率之影響...................................................40
表16. 碎化稻稈與泥炭土混合介質對甘藍及番茄苗之碳水化合物含量之影響...................................................41
表17. 碎化稻稈與泥炭土混合介質對番茄苗生長之影響...........42
表18. 碎化稻稈與泥炭土混合介質對番茄苗狀苗指數與絕對生長速率之影響...................................................42
表19. 泥炭土、理想粒徑之稻稈及泥炭土與理想粒徑之稻稈混合介質之物理性質................................................45
表20. 泥炭土、理想粒徑之稻稈及泥炭土與理想粒徑之稻稈混合介質之酸鹼值(pH)、電導度(EC)、總碳含量(C)及總酚含量(TPC)........46
表21. 泥炭土、理想粒徑之稻稈及泥炭土與理想粒徑之稻稈混合介質之大量營養元素含量........................................47
表22. 泥炭土、理想粒徑之稻稈及泥炭土與理想粒徑之稻稈混合介質之微量營養元素含量........................................47
表23. 理想粒徑之稻稈與泥炭土混合介質之粒徑分布.............48
表24. 理想粒徑之稻稈與泥炭土混合介質對甘藍及番茄種子發芽影響.....................................................49
表25. 理想粒徑之稻稈與泥炭土混合介質對甘藍苗生長之影響.....50
表26. 理想粒徑之稻稈與泥炭土混合介質對甘藍苗狀苗指數與絕對生長速率之影響..............................................51
表27. 理想粒徑之稻稈與泥炭土混合介質對甘藍及番茄苗之碳水化合物含量之影響..............................................52
表28. 理想粒徑之稻稈與泥炭土混合介質對番茄苗生長之影響.....53
表29. 理想粒徑之稻稈與泥炭土混合介質對番茄苗狀苗指數與絕對生長速率之影響..............................................54
表30. 稻稈生物炭及稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合介質之物理性質.....57
表31. 稻稈生物炭及稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合介質之酸鹼值(pH)、電導度(EC)、總碳含量(C)及總酚含量(TPC).......................58
表32. 稻稈生物炭及稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合介質之大量營養元素含量.....................................................58
表33. 稻稈生物炭及稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合介質之微量營養元素含量.....................................................58
表34. 稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合介質之粒徑分布................59
表35. 稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合介質對甘藍及番茄種子發芽影響....59
表36. 稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合介質對甘藍苗生長之影響.........60
表37. 稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合介質對甘藍苗狀苗指數與絕對生長速率之影響.................................................60
表38. 稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合介質對甘藍及番茄苗之碳水化合物含量之影響.................................................61
表39. 稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合介質對番茄苗生長之影響.........62
表40. 稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合介質對番茄苗狀苗指數與絕對生長速率之影響.................................................62
 
圖目錄
圖1. 介質之三相分布.....................................33
圖2. 泥炭土、碎化稻稈及泥炭土與碎化稻稈混合介質之三相分布...35
圖3a. 種植於碎化稻稈與泥炭土混合介質四週後之甘藍苗.........43
圖3b. 種植於碎化稻稈與泥炭土混合介質四週後之甘藍苗.........43
圖4a. 種植於碎化稻稈與泥炭土混合介質四週後之番茄苗.........44
圖4b. 種植於碎化稻稈與泥炭土混合介質四週後之番茄苗.........44
圖5. 泥炭土、理想粒徑之稻稈及泥炭土與理想粒徑之稻稈混合介質之三相分布................................................45
圖6a. 種植於理想粒徑之稻稈與泥炭土混合介質四週後之甘藍苗....55
圖6b. 種植於理想粒徑之稻稈與泥炭土混合介質四週後之甘藍苗....55
圖7a. 種植於理想粒徑之稻稈與泥炭土混合介質四週後之番茄苗....56
圖7b. 種植於理想粒徑之稻稈與泥炭土混合介質四週後之番茄苗....56
圖8. 稻稈生物炭及稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合介質之三相分布......57
圖9. 種植於稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合介質四週後之甘藍苗........63
圖10. 種植於稻稈生物炭與泥炭土混合介質四週後之番茄苗.......63

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