臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在本研究中，我們使用具有異方差誤差結構的Cobb-Douglas隨機邊界模型來分析布基納法索中部地區的稻米農場技術效率和成本效益。以技術效率和成本效益來衍生出分配效率。本文在低效率模型中同時加入一階最大概似估計式來確定抽樣農戶之間效率差異決定的因素。結果顯示，技術、經濟和分配效率的平均水平分別為76.38%，84.08% 和60.93%。同時發現分配效率仍然存在39.07%的改進空間，相較之下，技術效率存在23.62%，經濟效率則是15.92%。研究中發現了非常有趣的現象，那就是農民在經濟效率低與擁有充足的技術的情況下，有可能通過調整期初投入的使用，來提高水稻生產的盈利能力。除此之外，農場經營管理者的年齡，推廣服務延伸的範圍，信貸獲得的投入，家庭戶數和種植收穫的年份都是影響小農戶效率水平的重要因素。

This study used a Cobb-Douglas Stochastic Frontier model with a heteroskedastic error structure to investigate Technical efficiency and Cost efficiency of rice farm smallholders in central region of Burkina Faso, West Africa. Allocative efficiency was derived from the two latter aforementioned. A one-stage Maximum-likelihood approach is simultaneously applied with the inefficiency model to identify the determinants factors underlying efficiency differentials among the sampled farming households. Results revealed an average technical, economic and allocative efficiency levels of 76.38%, 84.08% and 60.93% respectively. This suggests that allocative efficiency offer a higher scope for improvements with potential with 39.07%, compared to 23.62% opportunity to enhance technical efficiency, and 15.92% in economic efficiency. An interesting implication emerging from the study is that farmers are operating with substantial Technical and Economic inefficiencies and hence have possibility to raise the profitability of rice production by fully adjusting inputs use. Moreover, Age of farm manager, Access to extension services, Access to input credit, Household size, and Year of cropping were the most influential factors of efficiency levels of smallholder rice farmers.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents

ABSTRACT..............................................................................................................................................i
LIST OF TABLES...................................................................................................................................vi
LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................................................vii
LIST OF ACRONYM.........................................................................................................................viii
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of Burkina Faso Agriculture 1
1.2. Research Motivation and objective 4
1.3. Objectives 5
1.4 Hypotheses 5
1.5 Thesis Summary and Organization 5
CHAPTER TWO 7
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 7
2.1 Rice Production in Sub-Saharan Africa 7
2.2 Rice Production Constraints 9
2.3 Stochastic Frontier Models 9
2.4 Application of Stochastic Frontier Models 10
2.4.1 Existing Empirical Studies on Technical Efficiency 11
2.4.2 Existing Empirical Studies on Economic Efficiency 13
2.4.3 Existing Empirical Studies on Allocative Efficiency 14
CHAPTER THREE 15
3.0 METHODOLOGY 15
3.1 Survey Methodology, Data and Sample 15
3.1.1 Study Area 15
3.1.2 Sampling Technique 16
3.1.3 Data Collection 16
3.1.4 Training of Enumerators and Questionnaire Pre-testing 17
3.2 Model Description 18
3.2.1 Conceptual Framework 18
3.2.2 Approach and Empirical Analysis 18
3.2.3 Theoretical Model of Technical, Economic, and Allocative Efficiency 18
3.2.4 Empirical Model of Technical, Economic, and Allocative Efficiency 23
3.3 Test of Hypothesis procedure 27
3.3.1 The z-test 27
3.3.2 The LR-test 27
CHAPTER FOUR 28
4.0 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS AND EXPLANATORY VARIABLES 28
4.1 Definition of variables 28
4.1.1 Rice Output and output cost 28
4.1.2 Land size and land price 29
4.1.3 Labor and labor price 29
4.1.4 Fertilizer and Fertilizer price 30
4.1.5 Manure and manure price 30
4.1.6 Seed and seed price 31
4.2 Producer’s Socio Economic Characteristics 32
4.2.1 Age 32
4.2.2 Education 32
4.2.3 Household size 33
4.2.4 Experience 33
4.2.5 Access to extension service 34
4.2.6 Access to credit 34
4.3 Summary 35
CHAPTER FIVE 36
5.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 36
5.1. Data and summary statistics 36
5.2 Hypotheses test for parameters in the stochastic frontier production functions and the inefficiency effects models 37
5.3 Stochastic Production Frontier estimates of Technical Efficiency 39
5.4 Stochastic Cost Frontier estimates of Economic Efficiency 41
5.5 Predicted farm-level of Technical, Economic and Allocative efficiencies of Rice Farmers 44
5.6 Inefficiency models: Factors that Determine Efficiency Levels of Smallholder Rice Production 47
5.7 Summary of Results 49
CHAPTER 6 51
6.0 CONCLUDING REMARKS AND RECOMMENDATION 51
REFERENCES 53
APPENDIX 57

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