臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

混和基材膜是近年來新穎的材料，它的組成是藉由在高分子膜內摻入無機或有機的顆粒填充劑，填充劑的種類可能是沸石、活性碳、金屬有機骨架材料等等…。
本次研究中我們使用三種填充劑，分別是活性碳和兩種金屬有機架：ZIF-8、NH2-MIL-53(Al)，並且選擇其中兩種填充劑去合成以polysulfone為高分子基材的共填充混和基材膜。後續我們使用掃描式電子顯微鏡 (scanning electron microscope) 去鑑定混和基材膜的橫切面，藉此分析填充劑在高分子內的分布、填充劑和高分子之間介面的結合性。使用X射線繞射 (X-ray diffraction) 分析填充劑的結晶結構和填充劑與高分子之間的協同效應。示差掃描熱分析儀 (differential scanning calorimetry) 進一步研究填充劑與填充劑之間的協同效應。
從結果發現，添加ZIF-8或活性碳進入高分子內可以使原本聚集的NH2-MIL-53(Al) 更均勻的分布。XRD的結果顯示活性碳會與MOFs發生協同效應，使MOFs的主要特徵鋒偏移到更高的角度。以DSC分析各種混和基材膜發現，同時添加活性碳和NH2-MIL-53(Al) 的共填充混和基材膜比起單一摻混活性碳或NH2-MIL-53(Al)的混和基材膜擁有較高的玻璃轉化溫度，進一步證實填充劑之間有協同效應。

Mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs), a relatively new class of such materials, are produced by the incorporation of organic or inorganic fillers, such as zeolites, activated carbon, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into polymeric membrane materials.
In this work, we choose three kind of fillers, activated carbon, MOFs: ZIF-8, NH2-MIL-53(Al), and created co-filler polysulfone-based MMMs with combinations of two fillers blended together. We investigated: a) filler distribution, b) interaction and connectivity of fillers in the polymer matrix, and c) interaction between different fillers. The above phenomenon were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
From the result adding ZIF-8 and activated carbon can increase the synergistic effect of between different fillers resulting in fillers are uniformly dispersion. In XRD patterns, the main peaks of co-filler MMMs synthesized using activated carbon and MOFs displace to higher angles indication some deformation in MOFs crystal lattices which could be attributed to the interaction with the activated carbon. The MMMs doped with both NH2-MIL-53(Al) and activated carbon almost had a higher Tg than that doped with single component showing the synergistic effect between NH2-MIL-53(Al) and activated carbon existed in MMMs.

Table of Content
摘要 i
Abstract ii
Acknowledgement iii
List of Figures vii
List of Tables xii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Introduction on metal-organic frameworks 1
1.2 Literature Review of Mixed Matrix Membranes 6
1.3 Motivation 15
Chapter 2 Experimental 16
2.1 Chemical Compounds 16
2.2 Experimental Procedure 16
2.2-1 Synthesis of ZIF-8 17
2.2-2 Synthesis of amino-MIL-53(Al) 17
2.2-3 Synthesis of Activated Carbon 18
2.2-4 Preparation of Mixed Matrix Membranes (MMMs) 19
2.3 Equipment Used 23
2.4 Material Characterizations 23
2.4-1 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM, JEOL, JSM-7600F) 23
2.4-2 X-ray Diffraction (XRD, BRUKER, D8AXRD) 24
2.4-3 Nitrogen adsorption measurement (Micromeritics ASAP 2010 sorptometer) 24
2.4-4 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC, PerkinElmer PYRIS Diamond) 25
Chapter 3 Results and Discussion 26
3.1 Characterization of fillers 26
3.1-1 ZIF-8 26
3.1-2 NH2-MIL-53(Al) 29
3.1-3 Activated carbon 31
3.2 SEM Characterization of mixed matrix membranes 33
3.2-1 ZIF-8/PSF mixed matrix membrane 33
3.2-2 NH2-MIL-53(Al)/PSF mixed matrix membrane 36
3.2-3 Activated carbon/PSF mixed matrix membrane 38
3.2-4 ZIF-8 and NH2-MIL-53(Al) co-filler PSF based MMMs 39
3.2-5 ZIF-8 and activated carbon co-filler PSF based MMMs 41
3.2-6 NH2-MIL-53(Al) and activated carbon co-filler PSF based MMMs 42
3.3 XRD Characterization of mixed matrix membranes 44
3.3-1 ZIF-8/Polysulfone mixed matrix membranes 44
3.3-2 NH2-MIL-53(Al)/Polysulfone mixed matrix membranes 46
3.3-3 ZIF-8 and NH2-MIL-53(Al) in Polysulfone 48
3.3-4 ZIF-8 and Activated carbon in Polysulfone 49
3.3-5 NH2-MIL-53(Al) and Activated carbon in Polysulfone 51
3.4 Glass transition temperature 52
3.4-1 Glass transition temperature of single fillers MMMs 52
3.4-2 Glass transition temperature of co-fillers MMMs 54
Chapter 4 Conclusions 56
Chapter 5 Future Work 57
Reference 58

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