臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近幾世紀以來，科學革命與工業革命席捲全球，將人類帶向入了另一個新的世代與領域。「科技」往往決定一個國家的強盛與否，而在西力東漸的潮流下，台灣也不例外，由於地小人稠，又缺乏天然資源的庇蔭，早在蔣經國總統時期即籌畫新竹科學工業園區來為台灣的未來鋪路，希望台灣可以成為東方的科技島。而在三十多年後的今日也果不其然，「科技」帶給台灣舉世聞名的經濟奇蹟，3C產品行銷版圖遍及全球，也發展出許多聞名的科技大廠，舉凡電子代工、半導體、家電、生化、汽車、太陽能產業等，都有令人亮眼的表現。
台灣雖以工業之島、科技島著稱，但是其實一直存在著產業結構無法升級的問題。近幾年也因人力成本與市場的考量，電子大廠也陸續轉往大陸設廠，資金外移的結果也間接造成國內市場內需不足的問題。另外，由於工業科技起步較慢，也使本身的研發與創新能力遠遠落後於原本就將科技業視為其強勢工業的歐美日等先進國家，高科技產業以代工為主，賺取的利潤自然也無法與擁有自有品牌與關鍵技術的歐美大廠相比。所以，如何將高科技產業升級，提升自我研發的能力，也一直是台灣未來必須且迫切所要面對的問題。
研發能力對高科技產業的重要性自然不可言喻，但投入成本之龐大以及之後回收成效之不確定性也是令一般企業卻步的原因。國內對研發成本的會計處理也略趨保守，尤其與國際會計準則接軌後，企業於研究發展階段所發生之成本皆不可列為無形資產，必須列為當期費用，對其資本化的定義也是相當嚴格，即便符合資本化的條件，符合前所發生的成本也是無法追溯，一律應予以費用化，更使一般科技大廠寧可固守代工本業而不敢走向研發創新之路。故本文想針對台灣高科技產業投入之研發成本對其公司股價是否真有實質助益做探討，而經本研究實證結果證實，高科技公司投入之研發成本，不管對當其股價與落後一期股價，均具有正面的顯著影響力。

Abstract
For the past few centuries, the Scientific Revolution and Industrial Revolution have swept the world, leading humans into a new era and frontier. “Technology” is thus the key to a nation’s prosperity. Influenced by Eastward expansion of Western Powers, Taiwan, is of no exception. Being densely populated in a small area without the blessing of natural resources, the government had planned to build Hsinchu Science Park as early as during Chiang Ching-kuo’s presidency to pave the way for Taiwan’s future, hoping to see Taiwan become a technology island of the East. Today, more than thirty years later, as expected, “technology” has helped Taiwan achieve a well-known economic miracle with a presence of high-tech products all over the world and created well-known technology companies. Successful performance can be found in industries such as Electronic Manufacturing Services (EMS), semiconductor, home appliances, biochemistry, automobile and solar power.
Although Taiwan is known as an island of industry and technology, the issue of upgrade in industry structure has always existed. Over the past few years, due to increasing labor cost and market, large electronic companies have increasingly migrated to China. The flight of capital has indirectly led to insufficient domestic demand. In addition, as the development of industrial technology in Taiwan saw a slower start, its R&D and innovation capabilities are far behind advanced economies focusing on technology industry such as those in Europe, the U.S. and Japan. An OEM-based high-tech industry has less profits compared with large companies in Europe and the U.S., where enterprises are in possession of self-owned brands and key technologies. Therefore, the questions of upgrading high-tech industry and improving R&D capability have always been the pressing issues that the Taiwanese government and companies must face.
R&D capability is the key to success of a high-tech industry. However, considering the tremendous costs in investment and the uncertainty in profit return, regular companies are not willing to take a step further. Domestically speaking, R&D cost takes on a rather conservative approach toward in accounting. After following in line with International Financial Reporting Standards, the cost incurred during the R&D phase do not appear as intangible assets on the balance sheet; it appears as current expenses. The standards also provide a strict definition of capitalization. Even if company meets the requirements of capitalization, the cost incurred before the requirements were met cannot be capitalized. It will be listed as expense on the balance sheet. That is why regular technology companies stick to OEM business rather than pursuing an innovative R&D path. The article aims to target Taiwan’s high-tech industry to explore whether the R&D costs can bring real benefits to the companies while having a positive and deferred impact on company’s share price, and the research result of this article prove that the R&D costs real have a positive and deferred impact on company’s share.

目錄
第一章 緒論......................................................................1
第一節 台灣科技業簡史.................................................................1
第二節 研究目的與動機.................................................................3
第三節 研究流程架構...................................................................4
一、研究流程圖........................................................................4
二、論文組織架構......................................................................5
第二章 文獻回顧................................................................6
第一節 研究發展費用與公司經營績效之相關文獻...........................................6
第二節 研發成本會計處理...............................................................8
第三章 背景介紹..........................................................10
第一節 台灣高科技產業介紹............................................................10
一、台灣半導體產業簡介...............................................................10
二、台灣電腦產業簡介.................................................................14
三、光電產業介紹.....................................................................19
第四章 資料來源與實證模型研究.......................................22
第一節 樣本資料來源與選取方法........................................................22
第二節 實證研究迴歸模型..............................................................22
第三節 研究方法......................................................................23
一、樣本與資料來源...................................................................23
二、研究假說.........................................................................24
三、研究方法與設計...................................................................25
第五章 實證結果與分析..................................................25
第六章 結論與未來研究方向............................................30
參考文獻...................................................................31
英文部分.............................................................................31
中文部分.............................................................................33

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