臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

眼睛凝視在英文字彙的不同位置，會影響字彙辨識的反應時間與正確率，過去的研究指出，若字彙由左至右均分為五個部份，眼睛凝視於中央偏左的第二個部份所得到之字彙資訊量最高，稱為最佳凝視位置（optimal viewing position, OVP），本研究欲就此現象檢驗台灣的英語外語學習者（English as foreign language, EFL）在英文字彙辨識時是否也有OVP。
實驗中控制字頻範圍，操弄凝視的字彙位置、字長與字彙內字母間距，採用念名作業，比較前述變項在英語母語研究中與本研究之研究對象EFL的影響差異。本研究共有兩個實驗，實驗一操弄並檢驗字彙位置效果與字長帶來的影響，檢驗EFL的OVP現象；實驗二則是針對字彙呈現時間及字彙內間距進行操弄。使用Experiment Builder來呈現字彙程序，搭配眼動儀測量並紀錄實驗結果。
實驗結果發現，台灣EFL快速辨識字彙的眼睛凝視字彙傾向與母語研究結果相符，OVP在字彙的中央偏左，但是長時間的字彙辨識情況下，台灣EFL的辨識策略是傾向凝視在能夠幫助正確讀出的字彙位置上─ OVP在音節位置。

Visual fixation on different positions of English words can affect the reaction time and accuracy of word recognition. Previous studies have demonstrated that if words are divided into five parts from left to right, visual fixation, on the second part, to the left of the center, will enable the viewer to obtain the highest amount of information. This is known as the optimal viewing position (OVP). This study aims to examine whether learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) in Taiwan also use an OVP to recognize English words.
In this study, the word frequency range was controlled, whereas the word position, word length, and letter spacing within the words were manipulated. A naming task was used to compare the differences in the effects of the above variables between studies with native English speakers and the EFL learners. Two experiments were conducted in this study. Experiment 1 involved manipulating and testing the effects of word position and word length and testing the OVP phenomenon in EFL. Experiment 2 involved manipulating the word presentation time and another factor that affected word length—letter spacing within the words. The Experiment Builder software was used to present the word program; it was combined with an eye tracker to measure and record the experimental results.
The results revealed that during rapid word recognition, the OVP tendency of Taiwanese EFL learners was similar to that of the native speakers—their OVP was slightly to the left of the center in the word. However, as the word recognition duration increased, the Taiwanese EFL learners tended to fixate on the position that helped them read the words accurately—their OVP was on the syllable position.

目次
摘要 I
Abstract II
目次 IV
表次 VI
圖次 VII
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究價值 1
第二章 文獻探討 3
第一節 字彙辨識的視知覺傾向 3
一、視覺文字知覺 3
二、視覺敏銳區 4
三、字彙辨識之眼動傾向 5
第二節 字長效果 5
一、字母數量不同 5
二、字彙內間距不同 7
第三節 字彙辨識之視覺位置效果 7
一、視覺位置效果 7
二、最佳凝視位置 8
第四節 字頻 13
第五節 名詞釋義：EFL與ESL 14
第三章 研究目的與假設 15
第一節 研究目的 15
第二節 研究問題與假設 15
第三節 本研究方法將如何解答本研究問題 16
一、實驗資料蒐集 16
二、實驗程式Experiment builder功能 17
第四章 實驗一 19
第一節 實驗方法 19
一、實驗參與者 19
二、實驗設計與實驗材料 19
三、實驗設備 22
四、實驗流程 24
五、資料分析 25
第二節 實驗結果─1-1組（字彙呈現150毫秒） 25
一、眼睛凝視點（操弄檢核項目） 25
二、正確率分析 27
第三節 實驗結果─1-2組（字彙呈現時間不限) 30
一、正確率（操弄檢核項目） 30
二、眼睛凝視點分析 30
三、反應時間分析 31
第四節 實驗一小結 36
第五章 實驗二 37
第一節 實驗方法 37
一、實驗參與者 37
二、實驗設計與實驗材料 37
三、實驗設備 38
四、實驗流程 38
五、資料分析 38
第二節 實驗結果─2-1組(字彙呈現150毫秒) 39
一、眼睛凝視點（操弄檢核項目） 39
二、正確率分析 42
第三節 實驗結果─2-2組（字彙呈現時間不限) 48
一、正確率（操弄檢核項目) 48
二、眼睛凝視點分析 48
三、反應時間分析 52
第四節 實驗二小結 54
第六章 討論 55
一、字長效果 56
二、台灣EFL字彙辨識之位置效果 56
三、字母間距的影響 59
第七章 結論與建議 61
一、字彙辨識策略異同 61
二、研究建議 63
參考文獻 65
附錄一：IRB申請結果 69
附錄二：研究參與者知情同意書 71

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