臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

瑞典國王在瑞典北部建立主權時，北部地區已存在薩米族人。傳統薩米族人依靠馴養馴鹿、狩獵和釣魚為生，而在現行法律上，瑞典薩米族之狩獵權和釣魚權都是馴鹿放 牧權之輔助權利。
薩米族之權利僅適用於薩米村中馴鹿放牧成員，他們在被允許之馴鹿放牧時期，同時得以在屬於薩米村的土地上狩獵。
根據目前的立法規定，薩米族的權利是基於取得時效。然而，在人們將狩獵視為熱門休閒活動、且認為狩獵權一般來說屬於土地所有者的瑞典，薩米族的權利成為歷史上一個衝突的根源。
本論文針對近期之Girjas薩米村案進行探討（Gällivare地方法院T 323-09的判決），利用相關之重要立法案和法院判決來探討當前的法律情況。同時，也檢視與薩米狩獵權相關之最重要的各個歷史法律文件，以及它們之間的 關係，利用這些資料來解釋地方法院Girjas薩米村案的判決。
本論文的發現，揭露了瑞典薩米族目前法律情況之複雜性和狩獵權之限制。追溯回1886年最初的馴鹿牧業法案，以及當時立法案不明確之處，本論文發現，目前的法院判決顯示法院有相當大的解釋空間，同時，關於瑞典薩米族人的狩獵權益還存在著許多尚待解決的問題。

The Sami people are believed to have been present in the north of Sweden long before the Swedish King established sovereignty of these regions. The traditional Sami livelihood is based on reindeer herding, hunting and fishing and in the current legislation the Sami people’s right to hunting and fishing are auxiliary rights to the reindeer herding. The Sami rights can only be claimed by the reindeer herding members of a Sami Village and members can hunt on land belonging to the village when reindeer herding is allowed in that area.
The current legislation states that the Sami rights are based on immemorial prescription. However in Sweden, where hunting is regarded a popular leisure activity and hunting rights in general belongs to the landowner, the Sami rights has historically been a source of conflict.
This essay aims to explore the findings of the recent Girjas case (Gällivare District Court Decision T 323-09). It explores the current legal situation through the use of the relevant legislation and previous court verdicts of relevance. It also looks at the most relevant historical legal documents and their relationship, attempting to describe the content of the Sami hunting rights and how they have been interpreted by the court in the Girjas case.
The findings of this essay reveal the complexity of the current status and limitations of the Swedish Sami hunting rights. In tracing the problem back to the first Reindeer Herding Act of 1886 and the unclarities left unsolved by the legislator, the essay finds that the previous court decisions reveal that a large space is left for interpretation by the courts in regard to the content of the Sami rights and that many issues remains to be solved in regard to the Swedish Sami hunting rights.

1.1 Research Background and Research Motive 1
1.2 Limitations 2
1.3 Literature review 3
1.4 Method 24
1.5 Structure 24
1.6 Definitions 25
1.7 List of Abbreviations 28
2 The Swedish Sami Hunting Rights 12
3 The Case of Girjas Sami Village 65
4 Analysis and Discussion 89
5 Bibliography 97

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Anaya. J. (2015) The situation of the Sami people in the Sápmi region of Norway, Sweden and Finland, United Nations Human Rights Council.
Liberg, O., et al. (2008). Dödlighet och illegal jakt i den skandinaviska vargstammen, Viltskadecenter report.
Nordh, R. (2012) Bevisbörda och Beviskrav i Tvistemål. Svensk Juridisk Tidning 781-799
Ravna, Ø. (2010). "Lappekodisillen av 1751 og dens rettslige betydning i dag." Lov og Rett 49(07): 392-406.