臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

球隊內的球員流動類似於企業組織內、外的資源流動，如何根據前期績效規劃出最適合的策略與資源的調組是值得探討的，本研究以資源基礎觀點及雙元性創新策略中的探索 (Exploration) 與盡用 (Exploitation) 作為理論基礎，嘗試探討球隊前期績效如何影響雙元策略的選擇，以及資源調組如何干擾盡用策略的績效結果。結合資源基礎理論與雙元性創新策略兩個觀點是本研究的特色。本研究探討 (1) 影響採取雙元策略之主要因素，以及 (2) 前期績效與球隊採用策略如何影響後續績效，並加入 (3) 資源與策略配適程度作為調節變數，期望找出能替職業球隊帶來較佳績效的策略選擇。樣本使用basketball-reference網站2004-2015年共11年之美國NBA球隊與賽事資料，進行跨時觀察與資料分析。研究發現 (1) 影響盡用策略主要因素為前期績效，且與教練更迭無關； (2) 前期績效會正向影響盡用策略的採用，進而影響後期績效；以及 (3) 更替的新進球員之平均年資會弱化盡用策略與後期績效間的正向關係。研究發現連結職業運動賽事中資源 (球員) 調組，盡用策略及球對績效三者間的關係，對理論與實務兼具重要意涵。

Organizational ambidexterity has been an important strategy for firms to pursue organizational performance. While exploitation focuses on reaping the benefits created by maximizing the utility of existing resources, exploration emphasizes the pursuit of future gains by adventuring the unfamiliar fields to create and accumulate sustainable resources. Based on the theory of organizational ambidexterity, this thesis aims to examine the antecedents and consequences of an exploitative strategy, i.e., sticking to a winning formula, in the context of professional basketball games. This study asks three questions. First, whether prior performance and the organizational leader (e.g., the coach) affect the decision to adopt an exploitative strategy, and if so, which one dominates? Second, whether the exploitative strategy, i.e., sticking to a winning formula, leads to better subsequent performance? Third, how the relationship between the adoption of an exploitative strategy and subsequent performance is moderated by resource configuration?
　　Using the data of players, teams, and games during the time period of 2004-2015 in the database maintained by the basketball-reference website, this study collects 329 panel observations for empirical analyses. The findings suggest that while satisfactory prior performance encourages the adoption of an exploitative strategy, a new coach tends to explore a new winning formula of his own. In the conflicting case that a new coach leads a team with satisfactory prior performance, the new coach tends to reconcile by employing the exploitative strategy. This study also finds that an exploitative strategy strengthens subsequent performance on the condition that resources are appropriately configured to avoid core rigidity. These findings bring important implications to the theory of organizational ambidexterity and the management practice of professional games.

第一章、緒論......................................................1
第一節 研究動機..................................................1
第二節 研究問題與目的............................................6
第三節 研究架構與流程............................................8
第二章　文獻探討與假說推導.........................................11
第一節　資源基礎理論..............................................11
第二節　路徑相依理論..............................................15
第三節　組織學習創新雙元理論.......................................17
第四節　領導與教練................................................20
第五節　核心能力與組織配適.........................................24
第六節　個案訪談..................................................31
第三章　研究方法..................................................35
第一節　樣本......................................................35
第二節　美國職業籃球聯盟...........................................36
第三節　研究變數與衡量.............................................37
第四節　研究方法與架構.............................................41
第四章　實證結果與討論.............................................43
第一節　敘述性統計分析.............................................43
第二節　迴歸分析與假說檢定結果......................................45
第三節　討論......................................................49
第五章　研究結論與建議.............................................51
第一節　研究結論..................................................52
第二節　理論貢獻與管理意涵.........................................54
第三節 後續研究建議..............................................57
附錄一　訪談問題..................................................58
附錄二　訪談逐字稿................................................61
參考文獻.........................................................73

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