臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文採用Grossman and Helpman (1994) 之表單式拍賣模型來探討兩國存在防污技術差距下，最低工資和環境稅的內生決定。本國政府雖對僱用技術勞工有最低工資限制，但本國廠商防污技術較佳; 外國則無最低工資限制，但外國廠商防污技術較差。本文為三階段賽局，在第一階段，利益團體決定政治獻金表單; 在第二階段，本國政府在給定政治獻金表單下決定最適最低工資和最適環境稅; 在第三階段，本國廠商和外國廠商於本國市場進行數量競爭。本文結果顯示，當兩國防污技術差距大時，提高最低工資會使環境品質下降。本文亦探討環境稅和最低工資對勞工就業量的衝擊。一般認為高環境稅會增加產業營運成本進而縮減勞工就業機會，然而本文卻發現高環境稅有助於勞工就業量的增加，且當薪資差距足夠大時，提高環境稅會增加工會成員福利。而在僅本國廠商股東、本國廠商股東及工會成員皆進行遊說的情況下，遊說後政治決定的最低工資會低於最適水準。

謝詞............................................................. i
摘要............................................................ ii
1. 緒論.......................................................... 1
1.1 研究動機與目的............................................ 1
1.2 研究方法................................................. 4
1.3 主要結果................................................. 4
2 文獻回顧....................................................... 5
2.1 環境政策................................................. 5
2.2 工會議題................................................. 9
2.3 政治經濟的發展........................................... 11
3 基本模型...................................................... 13
3.1 效用函數................................................ 13
3.2 生產結構................................................ 15
4 均衡政策...................................................... 23
4.1 不存在遊說下的均衡政策.................................... 23
4.2 存在遊說下的均衡政策...................................... 24
4.3.1 僅本國製造廠商之股東遊說............................ 25
4.3.2 僅工會團體進行遊說................................. 27
4.3.3 兩利益團體皆遊說................................... 28
5 均衡政治獻金................................................... 31
6 結論.......................................................... 33
參考文獻........................................................ 35

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