臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

針灸是中國傳統醫學當中非常重要的治療方式。中醫針灸又分為針刺以及艾灸兩個療法。有研究指出艾灸可以有效的增加血液中的含氧量，以改善身體狀況，針灸可以有效止痛。但是治療過程，必須將針刺入人們的皮膚當中，恐懼感與疼痛使得部份人非常畏懼。為了增加針灸治療的族群，近年來非侵入式雷射針灸逐漸被推廣及使用。雷射針灸主要使用低功率雷射療法(Low Level Laser Therapy，簡稱LLLT)。具有無痛、無副作用、無菌、而且操作方便，最重要的是它為非侵入式，對於患者的心理完全無負擔。然而它又同時擁有「針療」的穴位刺激，以及「灸療」的溫熱效果。而波長在600nm到1350nm之間，是最容易穿透皮膚，且對我們身體有療效的範圍。
近年來世界各地都開始使用雷射針灸儀，是以紅光或近紅外光的半導體雷射為主。普遍都是直接將光射入皮膚，，雖然光線可以穿透皮膚組織，但因為組織成分與結構的關係會產生嚴重的散射，因此散射是雷射針灸最主要的問題。因此我們將利用相位補償的方法，將皮膚的散射消弭掉，進而降低光學衰減現象。
本研究主要是利用相位補償來降低散射現象，主要是先將入射光分成數個像素，再各別調整像素相位，依照光強度的回饋進行判斷，最後選出我們需要的補償相位。我們演算法主要是建立在stepwise sequential algorithm(SSA)、continuous sequential algorithm(CSA)兩者演算法之上。已有研究證明CSA較好，因此我們再對CSA進行改良。
為了使CSA在實際光路上能增加效率，因此在初始相位中使Fresnel Lens。接著，將CSA-FL進行收斂，發現加入Fresnel Lens會提升CSA的收斂情形。硬體方面，帶入演算法前，先對儀器與光路進行校正與測試。使得相位與灰階值能夠對應，且LCOS能夠接收到正確的偏振光。最後加入演算法發現，依照偵測器與LCOS規格，理想狀態下強度可以上升80倍，實際量測也可以達到一個數量級以上。

Acupuncture and moxibustion are very important treatment for traditional Chinese medicine.
Studies have pointed out that moxibustion can effectively increase the oxygen content in the blood to improve the physical condition, acupuncture can effectively decrease pain. But, Acupuncture which need to pierce into people's skin will make some people pain and, very afraid. In recent years, to promote to more people, non-invasive laser acupuncture gradually been promoted and used. Laser acupuncture mainly uses low-power laser therapy (Low Level Laser Therapy, referred to as LLLT). Painless, no side effects, aseptic, easy to operate and, the most important is no trauma, so the patient has no burden at all. However, it can simulate acupuncture points, and also make warm effect like moxibustion. However, the wavelength range between 600nm to 1350nm is the easiest to penetrate the skin, and react with our body.
In recent years, some country around the world have begun to use laser acupuncture instrument which is dominated by semiconductor lasers of red or near infrared light. Generally, the light can penetrate the skin tissue, but the relationship between tissue and the structure will produce serious scattering。Therefore, scattering is the main problem of laser acupuncture. Now, we will use the phase compensation method which can decrease the skin scattering and reduce the optical attenuation phenomenon.
In this study, the phase compensation is used to reduce the scattering phenomenon. The first, Dividing the incident light into several pixels, and adjust the pixel phase separately. The compensation phase is according to the feedback of the light intensity. Our algorithm is mainly based on stepwise sequential algorithm, and continuous sequential algorithm. It has been proved that the continuous sequential algorithm is better, so we will improve the continuous sequential algorithm.
We use Fresnel Lens to increase the efficiency of the CSA on the actually optical path. At software part, we converge CSA-FL and found that adding Fresnel Lens will increase the convergence of CSA. At hardware part, before using the algorithm, we need calibrate and test the instrument and optical path. The first, the phase can be matched with the gray value. The second, the LCOS can receive the correct polarization light. Finally, according to the detector and LCOS specifications, the ideal state of light intensity can be increased by 80 times. We added the algorithm and found our measurement which is reached nearly 30 times.

1. 緒論 1
1.1. 前言 1
1.2. 研究動機 2
1.3. 論文架構 7
2. 基本理論 9
2.1. 光的散射 9
2.1.1. 瑞利散射 10
2.1.2. 米式散射 11
2.1.3. 布里元散射 11
2.1.4. 康普頓散射 12
2.1.5. 拉曼散射 12
2.2. 逆散射 13
2.3. 相位共軛 15
2.3.1. 聲學相位共軛 15
2.3.2. 光學相位共軛 15
2.4. 液晶 17
2.5. 偏振 19
2.5.1. 偏振態 19
2.6. 菲涅耳透鏡(Fresnel lens) 20
2.7. 波片(wave plate) 21
2.7.1. 四分之一波片(quarter-wave plate) 22
2.7.2. 半波片(half-wave plate) 23
2.8. 麥克森干涉 24
2.9. 空間光調製器 26
2.9.1. 反射式SLM 26
2.9.2. 穿透式SLM 27
2.10. 鎖相放大器 29
2.11. 空間濾波器 30
2.12. 演算法介紹 32
2.12.1. stepwise sequential algorithm(SSA) 32
2.12.2. continuous sequential algorithm(CSA) 32
2.12.3. CSA of Fresnel lens pattern 33
2.13. 空間雜訊 34
3. 軟體模擬 37
3.1. 模擬流程圖 38
3.1.1. stepwise sequential algorithm(SSA) 38
3.1.2. continuous sequential algorithm(CSA) 40
3.1.3. CSA of Fresnel lens pattern(CSA-FL) 42
3.2. Fresnel Lens模擬分析 44
3.3. 理想狀態與雜訊收斂 45
3.3.1. 理想狀態收斂 45
3.3.2. 雜訊收斂圖 46
4. 驗證與系統操作 49
4.1. 系統架設與校正 49
4.2. SLM校正 50
4.2.1. 入射光偏振方向校正 50
4.2.2. 入射光與反射光強度校正 51
4.2.3. 相位與灰階關係校正 53
4.3. 擴散儀測試材料擴散角 55
4.3.1. 擴散儀架設與測試 55
4.3.2. 散射材料測量 57
4.4. 焦距選擇 58
4.5. 演算法套用 59
5. 結論 61
6. 參考文獻 63

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