歐索林酸是台灣水產用藥的使用規範中唯一允許使用在甲殼類上的抗生素，在水產養殖上，主要用於治療具感受性親水性產氣單胞菌群或假單胞菌或弧菌隻感染。近年不論是國內或國外，對於水產品藥物殘留都有嚴格的要求，以保障人類健康安全及環境汙染。本篇研究的目標是淡水長臂大蝦投餵含不同濃度歐索林酸飼料 (0、25、50及100 mg/kg of b.w./day)，分析其生理、免疫調節及藥物殘留之影響，包括血淋巴中葡萄醣及乳酸濃度、總血球數、不同血球數、酚氧化酵素活性、呼吸爆活性、超氧化物歧化酵素活性、榖胱甘肽過氧化物酵素活性、吞噬活性、組織中藥物殘留濃度及免疫基因表現量。研究結果發現淡水長臂大蝦投餵含歐索林酸規範濃度 (50 mg/kg of b.w./day) 之飼料後之殘留量低於規定標準，且不會對其免疫及生理反應造成影響。

Oxolinic acid is the only antimicrobial drug used in crustacean in Taiwan, and the main target is to treat the Aermonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas sp. and Vibrio sp. infection. In recent years, the drug residue of products in aquaculture had been seriously monitored to protect the human health and prevent environmental pollution. In the present study, Macrobrachium rosenbergii fed with oxolinic acid containing diets at 0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg of b.w./day were used to evaluate their effects on physiological and immunological responses including hemolymph glucose and lactate, total haemocyte count, different haemocyte count, phenoloxidase activity, respiratory bursts, superoxide dismutase and glutathione activity, phagocytosis activity as well as the drug residue in tissues. The results showed that M. rosenbergii fed with oxolinic acid containing diets at 50 mg/kg of b.w./day revealed lower level of drug residue than the official standard, and caused no effects on physiological and immunological responses after the treatment.

摘要 I
Abstract II
1. 前言 1
2. 文獻回顧 4
2.1 淡水長臂大蝦之介紹 4
2.2 歐索林酸之簡介 5
2.3水產動物用藥之分類 7
2.4 甲殼類之免疫系統 10
2.5 血球功能的活化及參與之免疫反應 13
3. 材料與方法 17
3.1 實驗動物 17
3.2 歐索林酸飼料之製備 17
3.3 試驗設計 18
3.4 淡水長臂大蝦生理免疫評估 18
3.5 統計分析 (STAISTICAL ANALYSIS) 24
4. 結果 26
4.1 歐索林酸對淡水長臂大蝦生理之影響 26
4.3 歐索林酸對淡水長臂大蝦體內殘留量之影響 28
4.4 歐索林酸對淡水長臂大蝦免疫反應之影響 34
4.5 歐索林酸於淡水長臂大蝦基因表現之影響 49
5. 討論 63
5.1 飼料中添加歐索林酸對淡水長臂大蝦組織殘留之影響 63
5.2 飼料中添加歐索林酸對淡水長臂大蝦生理因子之影響 64
5.3 飼料中添加歐索林酸對淡水長臂大蝦免疫因子與基因表現之影響 66
6. 結論 69
參考文獻 70
附錄一 實驗儀器及器材 82
附錄二 實驗試藥配製 83

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