臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

進行海岸區域工程時，因海床之軟弱特性，於結構物構築時，常遭遇沉陷量超出估算之情況；又現行之基樁拉拔試驗使用之經驗方法對於推估鑽掘樁與矩形樁之內部軸力有其不足之處。
本研究以有限元素分析程式 PLAXIS 分別對二者進行分析，於海堤部分建立一梯型斷面海堤模型進行分層構築之沉陷分析，經由與海堤之實際觀測沉陷量作比對，以驗證模型之適用性。再以不同地區之海床土壤參數進行探討，以施工階段間隔作為變數，觀察階段間隔之天數變化對沉陷量之影響。
於基樁部分，本研究分別對鑽掘樁與矩形樁建置模型，於樁頂施加與試驗相同之拉拔載重，驗證數値程式之樁頭位移與試驗之觀測結果。觀察經由割線及切線模數轉換所求得之樁身軸力與以數値程式所得之結果之差異，並進一步探討以數値程式所求得之樁身摩擦應力與位移之關係、樁周土壤位移與應變變化及樁周土壤之應力分析，藉分析結果了解模擬之現地樁土力學行為。

When constructing structures on nearshore area, due to the weak properties of the sea bed, oversettlement is a frequently facing problem; furthermore, the experimental methods using for evaluating changes of pile load versus depth from pile pullout test is inadequate. Numerical analysis is used to simulate the field situation and the mechanical behaviour of its process in this thesis.
In this thesis, the two part of study is analyzed by FEM numerical program PLAXIS. A trapezoid breakwater is simplified modeling to analysis the settlement of layered constrution. By comparing with results of the observed settlement to verify the suitable of these analytical procedures. The verified analytical procedures were then used to further investigate the effect of different soil parameters of two sites. The change of period of phases is to observe the effect on settlement.
To simulate the actual pile system, four different loads were selected from pile load test to verified the model by comparing the displacement of pile head versus load. Observation the differences between numerical results and pile load after secant and tangent modulus conversion versus depth is discussed respectively in this thesis. The relationship of shaft unit frictional resistance versus displacement and the displacement and principal strain and stress is also shown in Chapter 5 to investigate the pile-load system.

摘要 I
Abstract II
目次 III
圖次 V
表次 X
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究方法 1
1.3 研究內容 1
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 土壤之壓密理論 3
2.2 基礎破壞型式 4
2.3 結構物應力分布 4
2.4 基樁拉拔之行為與機制 5
2.4.1 受力機制 5
2.4.2 拉拔承載力理論 7
2.4.3 基樁與土壤之界面摩擦行為 8
2.5 基樁彈性模數 10
2.5.1 理論值 10
2.5.2 割線模數法 11
2.5.3 切線模數法 11
2.6 摩擦應力與位移曲線法 12
第三章 有限元素數值分析程式 15
3.1 有限元素數值分析程式 PLAXIS 簡介 15
3.2 分析運算模式 15
3.3 分析土壤模式 16
3.3.1 土壤彈塑性模式 17
3.3.2 莫爾－庫侖模型 17
3.3.3 莫爾－庫倫模型基本參數 19
3.4 界面 20
3.4.1 界面強度 20
3.4.2 實際界面厚度 21
3.5 分析模式建置 21
3.5.1 海堤案例 21
3.5.1.1 幾何邊界條件 22
3.5.1.2 土層材料參數 22
3.5.1.3 海堤結構材料參數 22
3.5.1.4 模擬分析流程 24
3.5.2 鑽掘樁案例 25
3.5.2.1 幾何邊界條件 25
3.5.2.2 土層材料參數 25
3.5.2.3 樁結構材料參數 26
3.5.2.4 模擬分析流程 28
第四章 海堤案例分析 29
4.1 案例說明 29
4.1.1 福澳案例土層概述 29
4.1.2 白砂案例土層概述 33
4.1.3 猛澳案例土層概述 35
4.1.4 海堤結構參數概述 37
4.2 福澳案例分析結果與討論 38
4.3 白砂案例分析結果與討論 73
4.4 猛澳案例分析結果與討論 107
第五章 鑽掘樁案例分析 141
5.1 案例說明 141
5.1.1 案例土層條件概述 142
5.1.2 鑽掘樁概述 146
5.2 分析結果與討論 147
5.2.1 樁頭位移分析結果 147
5.2.2 樁身軸力分析 148
5.2.3 樁身摩擦應力與位移曲線分析結果 151
5.2.4 樁周土壤位移與應變分析結果 155
5.2.5 樁周土壤應力分析結果 174
第六章 結論與建議 193
6.1 結論 193
6.2 建議 194
參考文獻 195

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