臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

全雙工無線通訊是第五代行動通訊技術之一，此技術可以使頻譜使用效率達到傳統的半雙工無線通訊的兩倍。然而，頻譜使用效率會受限於自身干擾以及共用通道干擾。在毫米波頻帶，相對於傳統上使用的頻帶訊號有著較高的通道衰減。由於波長較短，大量的天線可以緊密的擺放。我們的目標是使毫米波環境下的多輸入輸全雙工系統的上載以及下載總和之傳輸速率最大化。然而，在大規模多輸入輸出系統下若使所有天線都經由射頻鏈路處理會有極大的功率消耗。如上述的原因我們採用混和式波束成型，由類比波束成型以及數位波束成型組合而成。由於最佳化問題中的變數相乘，使得此最佳化問題並非凹向上的問題。並非凹向上最佳化問題，我們很難求得最佳解。
因此，本篇論文提出了兩個混合式波束成型演算法來解決這個非凹向上最佳化問題。第一個方法是限制傳送信號之波束成型為么正矩陣，如此我們可以不需要利用疊代的方是求得次佳的解。另一個方法是把上載和下載的信號分開來設計，藉由控制下載信號之功率來保障上載信號的品質。

Full-duplex (FD) wireless communication is one of the fifth generation of mobile communication techniques since it can double the spectral efficiency of the conventional half-duplex (HD) communication system. However, the spectral efficiency will be limited by the presence of self-interference and co-channel interference. In millimeter wave (mmWave) band, signals experience severe path loss in contrast to the conventional microwave band. Due to the shorter wave length, a large number of antennas can be packed tightly. Our goal is to maximize the sum rate of the millimeter wave full-duplex MIMO cellular system. Because of the power consumption for each RF chain, the cost is extremely high to perform digital beamforming when the number of antenna is large. From above reason, we choose hybrid beamforming structure which combines digital beamforming and analog beamforming to reduce the number of RF chains at the base station. Due to the multiplication of beamforming matrix, the objective function is non-convex which is difficult to obtain the global optimal solution. In this thesis, two novel hybrid beamforming algorithm to solve the non-convex optimization problem are proposed. By adding the semi-unitary constraint to the digital transmit beamforming, we develop a non-iterative solution which is called semi-unitary hybrid beamforming (SUHB). Moreover, we design another algorithm which is called downlink power control hybrid beamforming (DPCB) to find beamforming pairs while the quality of uplink achievable rate is maintained.

中文摘要 i
Abstract ii
Contents iii
List of Figures vi
List of Tables vii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Full-Duplex Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Self-Interference Cancellation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2.1 Passive methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2.2 Active methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Review of Full-Duplex Cellular Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Review of Beamforming Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.5 Thesis Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2 System Model and Problem Formulation 7
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2 Signal Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.3 Channel Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.4 Problem Formulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.5 Weighted Sum MMSE Hybrid Beamforming (WMHB) Algorithm . . . . . . 13
3 Beamforming Matrix design 19
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.2 Semi-Unitary Hybrid Beamforming (SUHB) Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.2.2 Problem Formulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.2.3 Semi-Unitary Hybrid Beamforming (SUHB) Algorithm . . . . . . . 22
3.2.4 Improved Weighted Sum MMSE Hybrid Beamforming (IWMHB)
Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.3 Downlink Power Control Hybrid Beamforming (DPCB) Design . . . . . . . 23
3.3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.3.2 Problem Formulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.3.3 Downlink Power Control Hybrid Beamforming (DPCB) Algorithm . 24
3.3.4 Asymptotic Downlink Power Control Beamforming (ADPCB) Algorithm
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4 Complexity Analysis 28
4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
4.2 Computation Complexity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
5 Simulation Results 31
5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
5.2 Simulation Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
5.3 Simulation Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
6 Conclusion 37
Bibliography 39
Appendix A: Derivation of (2.43) and (2.44) 41
Appendix B: Derivation of (3.43) 43

[1] A. Sabharwal, P. Schniter, D. Guo, D.W. Bliss, S. Rangarajan and R. Wichman, “In-Band Full-Duplex Wireless: Challenges and Opportunities,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, June 2014.
[2] J. Choi, M. Jain, K. Srinivasan, P. Levis, and S. Katti, "Achieving single channel, full duplex wireless communication," in Proc. ACM Mobicom, 2010, pp. 1-12.
[3] E. Everett, “Full-duplex infrastructure nodes: Achieving long range with half-duplex mobiles,” M.S. thesis, Rice Univ., Houston, TX, USA, 2012.
[4] E. Everett, A. Sahai, and A. Sabharwal, "Passive self-interference suppression for full-duplex infrastructure nodes," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 680-694, Feb. 2014.
[5] M. Duarte, C. Dick, and A. Sabharwal, "Experiment-driven characterization of fullduplex wireless systems," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 11, no. 12, pp. 4296–4307, Dec. 2012.
[6] S. H. Chae, S. H. Lim, "Degrees of Freedom of Cellular Networks: Gain from Full-duplex Operation at a Base Station," Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), 2014 IEEE
[7] D. Nguyen, L. Tran, P. Pirinen, M. Latva-aho, “On the Spectral Efficiency of Full-Duplex Small Cell Wireless Systems,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 13, no. 9, Sep 2014
[8] S. H. Chae, S. Jeon and S. H. Lim, "Fundamental Limits of Spectrum Sharing Full-Duplex Multicell Networks," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol.34, no. 11, Nov 2016
[9] A.C. Cirik, R.Wang, Y. Hua and M. Latva-aho, “Weighted Sum-Rate Maximization for Full-Duplex MIMO Interference Channels,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 63, no. 3, Mar 2015
[10] R. Mai, D. H. N. Nguyen and T. Le-Ngoc, “Joint MSE-based hybrid precoder and equalizer design for full-duplex massive MIMO systems,” IEEE ICC Wireless Communications Symposium, 2016
[11] O. El Ayach, S. Rajagopal, S. Abu-Surra and Z. Pi, R. W. Heath, " Spatially Sparse Precoding in Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 13, no. 3, Mar 2014
[12] F. Sohrabi and W. Yu, “Hybrid Digital and Analog Beamforming Design for Large-Scale Antenna Arrays,” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing, vol. 10, no. 3, Apr 2016
[13] O. E. Ayach, R.W. Heath, S. Abu-Surra, S. Rajagopal and Z. Pi, “The Capacity Optimality of Beam Steering in Large Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems,” IEEE 13th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC), 2012
[14] K. B. Petersen and M. S. Pedersen, “The Matrix Cookbook,” Nov 2012