臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文主要目的在於研究利用閘控串聯電阻改善離岸風場在系統故障時之動態響應。當風機操作在功因控制模式下，探討故障發生時，風機輸出的實虛功配置、轉子的過速問題，和定子端電壓過低造成的影響，使風機在電力系統不穩定時能提供電網虛功和電壓支撐能力，並達到低電壓穿越的法規要求。
本文利用閘控串聯電阻(GCSR)的閘流體投入和切出時間，讓定子側串聯電阻擁有可變電阻的特性，針對不同的故障電壓等級，達到適合的補償效果，並且藉著提升後的電壓加強風機虛功的輸出能力。另一方面，考慮到風機和電網穩定度，選擇適合的電阻值，降低對系統造成的衝擊，也以其串聯電阻吸收轉子的加速能量，平衡風機實功的輸出。
本論文以MATLAB/Simulink軟體進行模擬，建立併網之雙饋式感應發電機模型，模擬結果顯示，當系統發生永久三相短路故障時，閘控串聯電阻可提升風機的定子端電壓、抑制轉子轉速，使風機穩定提供電網最大虛功，提升風機低電壓持續運轉能力。

The main purpose of this thesis is to improve the dynamic performance of grid-connected offshore wind farm under faults using GTO-thyristor Controlled Series Resistor (GCSR). The power dispatch of DFIG and the generator voltage dip in the stator side are studied. Grid regulations require wind farm to remain dynamically stable during faults and to supply active and reactive power into the network.
In this thesis, GCSR is proposed to improve generator voltage dip such that the reactive power output can be increased and the active power unbalance of wind turbine can be relieved. In order for GCSR to achieve the goal of variable series resistances under different fault voltages, it is important to determine the size of the inserted resistances so that small signal stability of the wind farm can be ensured.
The MATLAB/Simulink simulation software is used to simulate the dynamic performance of the grid-connected DFIG. Simulation results indicate that the DFIG can deliver more reactive power and reduce the voltage drop at the generator by the proposed GCSR. Moreover, rotor speed is significantly reduced to avoid rotor overspeed. As a result, the DFIG can be operated stably during faulted period.

口試委員審定書 I
誌謝 II
摘要 II
Abstract IV
目錄 V
圖目錄 VIII
表目錄 XII
符號對照表 XIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 文獻回顧 3
1.3 研究目的與方法 6
1.4 論文內容概述 7
第二章 雙饋式感應風力發電機之理論分析 8
2.1 前言 8
2.2 風力發電原理 9
2.3 雙饋式感應風力發電機架構 14
2.4 系統側變流器(Grid Side Converter, GSC)分析 15
2.4.1 同步旋轉座標轉換法 15
2.4.2 系統側變流器之數學模型建立 18
2.4.3 系統側變流器控制方塊圖 19
2.5 轉子側變流器(Rotor Side Converter, RSC)分析 23
2.5.1 定子磁通導向(Stator-Flux Orientation, SFO)分析 23
2.5.2 風機最佳動態曲線 26
2.5.3 轉子側變流器之數學模型建立 29
2.5.4 轉子側變流器控制方塊圖 31
第三章 閘控串聯電阻的相關工作原理 35
3.1 前言 35
3.2 動態串聯電阻 35
3.3 閘控串聯電阻分析 38
第四章 模擬結果與分析 44
4.1 系統參數 44
4.2 模擬架構與控制 46
4.3 定子側無動態串聯電阻補償之分析 47
4.3.1 最大功率追蹤操作點模擬 47
4.3.2 0.8-0.6pu永久三相短路接地故障 49
4.3.3 0.5-0.4pu永久三相短路接地故障 61
4.4 定子側動態串聯電阻補償分析 69
4.4.1動態串聯電阻平衡實功能力之模擬結果 70
4.4.2動態串聯電阻虛功補償能力之模擬結果 77
4.4.3有補償但不穩定之模擬結果 81
4.5 定子側閘控串聯電阻分析 89
4.5.1閘控串聯電阻在故障電壓變動之模擬結果 90
4.5.2閘控串聯電阻之諧波分析 98
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 102
5.1 結論 102
5.2 未來研究方向 103
參考文獻 104

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