臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文旨在分析初級側穩壓技術應用於返馳式轉換器之電路動作原理，且和傳統次級側回授穩壓作比較。論文中並探討應用於連續導通模式、準諧振式和不連續導通模式的初級側電壓偵測方式，並研究改善初級側穩壓準確度之方法，利用實作電路驗證其效能。本論文實作電路係採用操作在連續導通模式的初級側穩壓返馳式轉換器，輸入為90Vac到264Vac;輸出為19V/45W，以高效率、低空載功耗為設計目標，透過實作電路驗證初級側穩壓方式的效能。經過測試實作電路後，轉換器之平均效率可達到87.7%以上，且空載功耗都低於0.1W，電壓調整率都在+/-3%之內。所測得結果皆能符合主流規格之要求。

This thesis presents a study on the primary side regulation (PSR) technique for flyback converters and compares with the conventional secondary side regulation (SSR) technique. The eligible primary side regulation techniques for continuous conduction mode (CCM), quasi-resonant (QR), and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) operations are studied to improve the accuracy of feedback regulation. A laboratory prototype for flyback converters with primary side regulation is implemented and tested under 90Vac to 264Vac input voltage and 19V/45W output specifications. The experimental results are shown for verifying the performance of PSR technique. After the verification of this laboratory prototype, the average efficiency of the converter can reach 87.7%, the no-load power consumption under 0.1W, and the voltage regulation within +/-3%. All the performance indices meet the requirements of mainstream market specifications.

摘　要 i
Abstract iv
誌　謝 v
目　錄 vi
圖索引 ix
表索引 xii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 1
1.3 論文大綱 2
第二章 返馳式轉換電路介紹 3
2.1 返馳式轉換電路工作原理 3
2.1.1 連續導通模式 4
2.1.2 不連續導通模式 7
2.2 電源轉換器基本回授原理 11
2.3 次級側回授穩壓工作方式 13
2.3.1 次級側回授穩壓主要元件介紹 13
2.3.2 次級側回授穩壓網路構成與控制原理 15
2.4 初級側穩壓工作方式 16
2.4.1 初級側穩壓基本電路 16
2.4.2 初級側穩壓動作原理 17
2.4.3 初級側穩壓方式 18
2.5 初級側穩壓取樣方式介紹 21
2.5.1 固定取樣點偵測 22
2.5.2 偵測輔助繞組電壓轉折點取樣 23
2.6 初級側穩壓之非理想特性以及改善方式 24
2.6.1 次級側迴路之等效電阻 24
2.6.2 輸出電壓補償方式 25
2.6.3 變壓器初級側和次級側繞組之漏電感 31
2.7 改善電壓突波振鈴方式 33
2.7.1 緩振電路之研究 34
2.7.2 變壓器結構 45
2.8 PSR和SSR的差異點比較 46
第三章 初級側穩壓返馳式轉換電路設計 48
3.1 控制器介紹 48
3.2 實作電路規格 49
3.3 變壓器設計 50
3.3.1 初級側電感值計算 50
3.3.2 變壓器匝數計算 53
3.3.3 變壓器繞線線徑的選擇 54
3.3.4 鐵心直流飽和特性計算 56
3.4 選擇輸出二極體 57
3.5 選擇輸出電容 58
3.6 計算偵測電阻值 58
第四章 實驗數據及波形 60
4.1 實驗結果 60
4.1.1 效率量測結果 60
4.1.2 空載功耗量測 61
4.2 實驗波形 61
4.2.1 緩振電路實測波形之比較 61
4.2.2 初級側MOSFET的vDS電壓和iDS電流量測 63
4.2.3 輸出二極體的反向電壓vR和次級側電流iLs量測 64
4.2.4 輔助繞組電壓vaux和回授電壓vFB量測 65
4.3 PSR輸出電壓量測 67
4.3.1 PSR無負載補償電路之輸出電壓 67
4.3.2 PSR加入負載補償電路之輸出電壓與電壓調整率 68
4.4 PSR的動態負載特性 69
第五章 結論與未來展望 73
5.1 結論 73
5.2 未來展望 74
參考文獻 75

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