臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著無線寬頻網路與行動通訊技術的蓬勃發展，各式各樣的行動裝置大量普及，促使消費者大量下載行動裝置上的載具與應用服務。多數消費者已習慣透過行動裝置處理各種生活層面的大小事，然而，核心網路漸漸無法負荷大量的網路資料與控制訊號，導致經常性的網路壅塞。因此，使用不透過基地台的裝置傳輸方式，逐漸受到重視。一般而言，裝置對裝置能夠增加頻譜的利用、整體的產出量以及改善消耗功率，但是在頻譜資源有限的情況下，頻寬的利用與分配顯得更加重要。
D2D通訊在支撐式下中央集權式的資源分配時，由於共用資源區塊的關係，當分配資源區塊給蜂巢式網路用戶與D2D使用者，會產生訊號干擾問題。因此，本論文著重於，多個D2D在同一個時間點互相競爭資源分配時，透過新的排程方式，以確保資源能夠適當且公平的分配。
為了解決上述問題，本論文提出以『匈牙利演算法』聯合『比例公平演算法』技術，以提供資源區塊的分享。匈牙利演算法會選擇最大的權重匹配，能夠提高系統的產出量，比例公平演算法在D2D傳輸資料率下降時，則可以拉高權重值，使傳輸速率低的D2D，有更大的機會去搶奪資源區塊。因此，在D2D共享CUE的資源區塊情況下，相對於其他演算法，綜合上述兩種演算法，更能兼顧D2D公平性且不犧牲整體產出量。

With the rapid development of wireless broadband networks and mobile communication technologies, a wide range of mobile devices have been popularized. In recent years, because of the increasing density of mobile devices, diversified vehicles and application services have made users become accustomed to using mobile devices to handle life, communication, entertainment and other aspects of life.
However, the data signal and control signals must be transmitted through the core network, which will cause the congestion of the core network.
Therefore, device to device (D2D) can transmit signals to each other over a direct link using the cellular resources instead of through a base station base station has been paid more and more attention gradually.
In general, device-to-device increases spectrum utilization, overall throughput, and power consumption. However, due to the limited spectrum available, bandwidth utilization and distribution are more important.
When D2D communication under the underlay mode resource allocation, because of the relationship between reusing the resource block, the allocation of resource blocks to cellular network users and D2D users, there will be signal interference problems. Therefore, this thesis focuses on how multiple D2Ds schedule when they compete with each other at the same time to ensure that the resources are properly and fairly allocated.
In order to solve the above problems, this thesis proposes to share the resource blocks by combining the Hungarian algorithm with the proportional fair algorithm. The Hungarian algorithm will choose the maximum weight matching, which can increase the system throughput. Proportional fair algorithm will pulled high the D2D weight when the D2D data rate drops. Therefore, the D2D with low transmission rate has a greater chance to grab the resource block. By combining the advantages of the two algorithms, our proposed algorithm compared to others can balance the D2D fairness without sacrificing overall throughput.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目次 v
圖目次 vii
表目次 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 行動通訊簡介 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 2
1.3 章節概要 3
第二章 LTE-A概述與D2D簡介 4
2.1 LTE-A標準簡介 4
2.1.1 規格簡介 5
2.1.2 傳輸架構 5
2.1.3 訊框架構 7
2.1.4 資源區塊 12
2.2 D2D系統架構概述 14
2.2.1 資源共享方式 14
2.2.2 排程方式 15
2.2.3 路徑損耗 16
2.2.4 上行與下行傳輸分享 16
2.3 相關文獻探討 18
2.3.1 D2D下行傳輸分享 18
2.3.2 D2D上行傳輸分享 20
第三章 匈牙利結合比例公平演算法 24
3.1 初始情境設置 24
3.2 參數設定 25
3.3 干擾分析 25
3.4 流程機制 26
3.4.1 計算容量 27
3.4.2 改良式比例公平演算法來計算權重 28
3.4.3 最大權重二分圖 30
3.4.4 詳細流程圖 35
第四章 系統模擬與結果分析 41
4.1 模擬環境 41
4.2 模擬參數 42
4.3 結果分析與比較 44
4.3.1 比較演算法描述 45
4.3.2 D2D固定距離為10m之公平性以及產出量 47
4.3.3 D2D距離為10m到100m之間之公平性以及產出量 51
第五章 結論及未來研究方向 55
第六章 參考文獻 56

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