臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究將探討高透光太陽能節能玻璃和不同種類玻璃建材運用於實體試驗屋對室內舒適度之影響，並以冷暖空調及通風系統進行節能分析。於國立臺灣科技大學建置三間玻璃試驗屋，並裝設不同種類之玻璃，分別為高透光太陽能節能玻璃屋、Low-E節能玻璃屋和一般玻璃屋，用於比較不同玻璃之發電差異、光環境差異、熱環境差異、能耗及節能差異、環境及人體舒適度，並研究冷氣空調與通風系統相互搭配，降低耗電，節能減碳。
本研究主要分為五個部分，分別為發電分析、光環境分析、熱環境分析、節能分析和舒適度分析，並針對高透光太陽能節能玻璃進行建築物應用設計模擬分析與環境效益減碳分析。研究結果顯示，由於高透光太陽能節能玻璃能提供建築額外的電力，因此能大幅降低建築外部的電力需求，且高透光太陽能節能玻璃屋能於不開任何空調及通風系統之密閉及自然對流環境中，長時間維持於較佳的環境舒適度以及人體舒適度，充分展現高透光太陽能節能玻璃良好的發電及隔熱性能。建築若運用高透光太陽能節能玻璃，除了能提供優異的發電性能之外，還能擁有明亮的光線，減少照明能耗，同時帶來極佳的空調節能效果，達到節能減碳及環境永續的目的。建築應用設計以臺北為例，運用高透光太陽能節能玻璃的多功能展覽館之全年耗電量減去全年發電量只需要消耗27,743kWh，相較於一般玻璃屋所需之耗電量為141,767kWh，可以節省80%耗電量。對於建築應用設計之多功能展覽館設置於不同地點之模擬分析，以杜拜為例，若運用高透光太陽能節能玻璃之全年碳排量相對於一般玻璃，可節省約116.2公噸的碳排放，相當於臺北大安森林公園3.6個月的CO2吸收量。

In the dissertation, the impact of high see-through heat insulation solar glass and different types of glass building materials on indoor comfort are discussed, which were analyzed by air conditioning and ventilation system. The types of glass used for the three test houses built on the top floor of National Taiwan University of Science and Technology are Heat Insulation Solar Glass, Low-Emissivity Glass, and Ordinary Glass. They are used to compare different types of glass, regarding their power generation, power consumption, and the level of comfort the environment provides to humans, and to study how air conditioning and ventilation systems, when combined, reduce the overall power consumption and carbon emission.
The research is mainly divided into five sections: power generation analysis, light environment analysis, thermal environment analysis, energy saving analysis and comfort analysis, stimulating the power generation, energy consumption and indoor and outdoor light environment by simulation software, and compares the simulation results with the measured results. The results show that, in addition to providing excellent power generation performance, buildings with high see-through heat insulation solar glass can have bright lights, therefore reducing power consumption from lighting products, and can at the same time optimize air conditioning energy efficiency and reach the goal of saving energy and environment sustainability.

摘要 III
Abstract IV
誌謝 V
目錄 VI
表目錄 XI
圖目錄 XVI
第一章、緒論 1
1.1研究動機 1
1.2研究目的 2
1.3研究方法 3
1.4研究流程 4
第二章、文獻回顧 5
2.1臺灣太陽能發展概況 5
2.1.1世界及臺灣再生能源政策 5
2.1.2臺灣地理環境與氣候類型 6
2.1.3臺灣太陽日射角度 7
2.2建築玻璃材料 8
2.2.1玻璃對建築物的重要性 8
2.2.2理想的建築玻璃 9
2.2.3複層玻璃 12
2.2.4低表面輻射率Low-E玻璃 14
2.2.5雙中空懸膜玻璃 16
2.3太陽能技術及性能 17
2.3.1結晶矽太陽能電池 17
2.3.2透光薄膜型太陽能玻璃 18
2.3.3太陽能節能玻璃 24
2.4建物一體太陽光電 26
2.4.1 BIPV介紹 26
2.4.2 BIPV歷史緣由與挑戰 27
2.4.3 BIPV模組與建築物之結合 28
2.5近零耗能建築節能 30
2.5.1近零耗能建築 30
2.5.2建築物室內熱負荷 31
2.5.3建築物熱傳導 33
2.6環境及人體舒適度 34
2.6.1舒適度概論 34
2.6.2環境舒適度 35
2.6.3人體舒適度 37
2.6.4 PMV與PPD之計算 40
第三章、試驗設計與實施 44
3.1試驗設計概要 44
3.1.1發電試驗 46
3.1.2光環境試驗 47
3.1.3熱環境試驗 48
3.1.4節能試驗 50
3.1.5舒適度計算 51
3.1.6發電耗能模擬 52
3.2試驗詳細參數 53
3.3發電試驗 57
3.4光環境試驗 61
3.5熱環境試驗 66
3.5.1環境監測系統 66
3.5.2熱環境量測 69
3.6節能試驗 75
3.6.1冷氣空調設備 77
3.6.2暖氣空調設備 79
3.6.3通風設備 80
3.6.4電子式電表 81
3.6.5溫度控制系統 82
3.6.6耗能模擬計算 85
3.7舒適度計算 87
3.7.1環境舒適度指數 88
3.7.2人體模型熱顯像拍攝 89
3.7.3人體舒適度指數 90
3.8建築應用設計模擬 96
3.9環境減碳效益計算 98
第四章、試驗結果與分析 99
4.1發電分析 99
4.1.1逐月及累積太陽能發電量整理分析 100
4.1.2斜頂面與南立面發電比例分析 102
4.1.3全年發電模擬結果與分析 105
4.2光環境分析 108
4.2.1試驗屋全年遮陰模擬分析 108
4.2.2紫外光量測分析 111
4.2.3照明強度量測分析 114
4.2.4光照比例量測分析 122
4.3熱環境分析 126
4.3.1溫度量測空白值分析 126
4.3.2密閉試驗結果與分析 127
4.3.3自然對流試驗結果與分析 129
4.3.4輻射熱隔絕量測分析 131
4.3.5玻璃表面熱顯像拍攝分析 134
4.3.6玻璃表面熱電偶溫度線量測分析 137
4.4節能分析 141
4.4.1冷氣空調節能分析 142
4.4.2冷氣空調＋通風節能分析 144
4.4.3不同溫控模式耗電比較分析 146
4.4.4暖氣空調節能分析 152
4.4.5三間玻璃試驗屋逐月及累積耗能分析 154
4.4.6全年耗能模擬結果與分析 165
4.4.7三間玻璃試驗屋節能效益分析 169
4.5舒適度分析 172
4.5.1環境舒適度分析 172
4.5.2人體模型熱顯像拍攝分析 176
4.5.3人體舒適度分析 178
4.6建築應用設計模擬分析 183
4.6.1建築應用設計全年發電模擬分析 185
4.6.2建築應用設計全年耗能模擬分析 191
4.6.3建築應用設計節能效益分析 196
4.7環境減碳效益分析 201
第五章、結論與建議 206
5.1結論 206
5.1.1發電 206
5.1.2光環境 206
5.1.3熱環境 207
5.1.4節能 208
5.1.5舒適度 208
5.1.6建築應用設計 210
5.1.7環境減碳效益 210
5.2建議 211
第六章、參考文獻 212
附錄 221
附錄一 高透光太陽能節能玻璃試驗屋詳細發電數據 222
附錄二 三間玻璃試驗屋詳細耗電數據 250

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