臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著城市交通運輸的發展與進步，運輸載具動力也逐漸由燃油動力轉變成電子電力方式驅動，例如：大眾捷運系統；而目前世界上電力驅動之大眾捷運系統有架空線及導電軌二種主要型式。本研究以導電軌型式之捷運系統為主，並選定國內營運超過20年且具代表性的台北捷運(MRT)做為研究對象。
台北捷運(MRT)電聯車以「集電靴」來接觸導電軌收集電力，使其維持運行，而導電軌往往為了配合現地調度因素及供電區間採取不連續設置，使集電靴於不連續處會有暫時脫離導電軌之情形，為了使集電靴能平順出入導電軌不連續處，不致因出入接觸不當影響電力供給效果，故於進出不連續處之二端設置端部組件，然而導電軌長時間與電聯車集電靴接觸運行後，也就造成其接觸表面產生磨損，減弱電力傳輸效果、對行車供電造成嚴重的停滯、其影響甚鉅，而最容易產生磨耗處又以導電軌端部較為頻繁，另外探究其影響磨耗速率因素眾多，不外乎包含行車速度、集電靴與導電軌端部間的接觸磨擦力、軌道線型以及導電軌電弧侵蝕等。
台北捷運(MRT)以往針對導電軌端部磨耗並無相關的研究及預測方式，造成後續備品採購、維修調度以及導電軌壽命及磨耗預測均欠缺憑據，故本研究係以導電軌端部實際磨耗數據及趨勢，運用「算術平均法」及「二次曲線迴歸法」發展出一套正確預測方式，並可進一步推展應用至台北捷運(MRT)路網，以提升導電軌端部採購及更換使用壽命之準確度，俾利妥善安排維修調度能量。
本研究的實驗主要可分為三個部份：首先以專門量測工具及儀器對台北捷運(MRT)導電軌全線磨耗率較高共50處之導電軌端部量取導電軌端部磨耗數據若干筆做為研究，再者將磨耗數據代入「算術平均法」及「二次曲線迴歸法」推估未來特定時間點磨耗值，其中「二次曲線迴歸法」可繪製導電軌端部磨耗趨勢線，藉由趨勢線判讀了解其磨耗速率變化情形。
最後將二種方法推估磨耗值與實際磨耗值相互比較其準確率並實施結果交叉比對；由結果來看，二種方法預測之準確率相當，另外於研究過程中發現影響準確率最大的因素為量測資料筆數，代入之資料筆數越多，準確率越高。
綜上、本研究不但歸納出一套導電軌端部磨耗預測流程外，更可針對全線1408處端部建立專屬的磨耗預估方程式，並實際應用於台北捷運(MRT)各處導電軌端部位置。

The driven power of transportations is gradually changed by fuel power into electrical power in order to encourage and advance the urban transportation developmentsuch as mass transit system.The electrical power-driven mass transit systems can be divided into two types around the world. One is overhead lines (Upper) and the other is with conductive rail (Lower). This research is focusedon the conductive rail type in MRT system, and the representative Taipei MRTis selected because ofits operation experience is more than 20 years.
Taipei MRT trains are all used "current collecting shoe" to contact the conductive rail in order to collect electricity.The conductive railsare often discontinuous because of the site factors, so that the current collectingshoes are not contacted with conductive rail in these discontinuity areas. In order to provide the current collecting shoes running smoothly and keep power supply working in the discontinuity, the high speed rampsare provided at the two ends of every discontinuity. However, it will cause the contact surface wearing, weaken the power transmission, and a serious stagnation after long timeoperation.The most prone to wear is at the high speed ramps of the conductive rails.There are also other factors affect the wearing rate of high speed ramps which are including the train speed, the contact friction between current collectinghoe and conductive rails, track linear and electric corrosion.
There is no relevant research and forecasting methods for the high speed ramps wearing rates of the conductive railsin Taipei MRT (MRT).It might cause the lack of credentials for the spare parts procurement, maintenance scheduling and conductivity track life and wear prediction. In this research, we use the "Arithmetic mean formula" and "Regression quadratic equation" to implement the wearing forecast of the high speed ramps. Moreover, it could be further applied to the Taipei MRT (MRT) network to enhance the procurement, and accuracy wearing rates of high speed ramps in order toprovide the better arrangements for maintenance schedule.
The experiments of this research areconsisted of three parts: First, we use particular measurement instruments to measure the 50 higher wearing rates of the high speed ramps in Taipei MRT network.Then, we use the "Arithmetic mean formula" and "Regression quadratic equation" to implement the wearing forecast of thesehigh speed ramps. At last, we use "Regression quadratic equation" to produce wear Trend line for these high speed ramps.According to these trend lines, we could predict the wearing rate of each high speed ramp.
Finally, we use the results fromthese two methods to compare with the actual wearingrate of high speed ramps. The results show that the accuracy of the two methods is similar. In the course of the research, the factor that has the most important impact rate is the accumulated of measurement data. When the measurement data is accumulated a great quantity, the forecast accuracy rate is raising indeed.
In summary, this research is not only summed up a set of high speed ramps of the track wear prediction process, but also for the 1408 high speed ramps of conductive rail to establish a wear prediction equation in order to apply for the Taipei MRT’s high speed ramps of the conductive rails.

中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT III
誌謝 VIII
目錄 VII
符號索引 IX
圖目錄 XI
表目錄 XVI
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2 文獻討論 11
1.3研究動機與目的 20
第二章 研究方法 25
2.1導電軌端部磨耗研究流程 25
2.2導電軌端部磨耗數據取樣範圍 27
2.3導電軌端部磨耗值預測模型 30
2.3.1以算術平均法為基礎之磨耗預測模型 30
2.3.2以二次曲線迴歸法為基礎之磨耗預測模型 30
第三章 實驗與結果討論 33
3.1導電軌端部磨耗量測設備及量測方法介紹 33
3.1.1導電軌端部磨耗量測設備介紹 33
3.1.2導電軌端部磨耗量測方法介紹 36
3.2 實驗與結果 40
3.2.1 導電軌端部磨耗值量測實驗 40
3.2.2 以算術平均法及二次曲線迴歸法求取導電軌端部磨耗值預測實驗 40
3.3結果討論 97
3.3.1導電軌端部磨耗值預測結果所呈現之趨勢 97
3.3.2導電軌端部數據取樣數與磨耗值預測準確率關係 99
3.3.3導電軌端部磨耗值預測方式選用 102
第四章 結論與未來展望 108
參考文獻 109
附錄 114

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