臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

根據IDC研究報告指出，全球物聯網經濟規模預估將從2016年到2020年約將超過4000億美元（$400 Billion）(IDC Research, 2017)。企業級物聯網Gateway（閘道器），是物聯網生態系統中不可或缺的一部分，其結合感測裝置收集的資料，須完整且安全地傳送到雲端資料中心進行分析與運用。Gateway（閘道器）除了硬體須符合企業等級規格外，企業選擇物聯網閘道器作業系統時，須以系統安全性與產品能否持續提供安全性更新為優先考量，以確保安全漏洞發生時，可透過系統供應商即時更新修補漏洞。
開源軟體的優勢除了替企業省下龐大軟體授權費用外，其公開原始碼方式，使程式漏洞修補時間有機會比封閉原始碼軟體更迅速。根據英國通信電子安全小組研究報告指出，開源軟體Linux作業系統相對比微軟作業系統（封閉原始碼軟體）安全性高。Linux系統亦實際運用於Google與Amazon等大型企業伺服器，提供全球網路相關服務。目前企業級Linux版本已有兩種：Red Hat Enterprise Linux與Ubuntu Core，成功整合於企業物聯網閘道器產品中。本研究針對開源軟體Linux系統於企業物聯網閘道器之應用與安全性為主軸，並探討個案公司產品策略與商業模式，分析個案公司物聯網作業系統Ubuntu Core優劣勢，進而規劃新一代更具安全性與周邊裝置支援性更佳的企業級物聯網閘道器產品。

According to the IDC research report, from 2016 to 2020, it is estimated that global economies will spend over $400 billion on IoT (Internet of Things) (IDC Research, 2017). The enterprise IoT gateway plays an important role in the ecosystem. The enterprise IoT gateway connects various sensor devices that collect data and deliver it into the Cloud Computing Center completely and securely for analysis and application. The IoT gateway’s hardware devices not only comply with an enterprise standard but also frequently have system updates by software vendors to make sure the systems are always secure.
The benefits of open source software can help companies reduce expenses and cut down on fixing time. Therefore it’s better than closed source software. According to research report of CESG (Communications-Electronics Security Group), about security of operation system, open source software Linux is better than Microsoft Windows. Google and Amazon are using Linux for their global services on the internet. There are two enterprise Linux operation systems in the global market: Red Hat Enterprise Linux and Ubuntu Core. These are already integrated into enterprise IoT gateways. In this thesis we have focused on how to apply open source software Linux to enterprise IoT gateway securely. We have discussed on the product strategy, and business model as well as analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of Ubuntu Core for the case study of C-company. Our aim is to create a new generation of enterprise IoT gateways that are more secure and more flexible.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 9
1.1. 研究背景與動機 9
1.2. 研究目的 11
1.3. 研究範圍 12
1.4. 論文架構 13
第二章 產業暨技術探討 14
2.1. 物聯網定義 14
2.2. 物聯網架構與技術 15
2.3. 物聯網商業模式 20
第三章 開源軟體與物聯網閘道器 23
3.1. 開源軟體Linux與物聯網 23
3.2. Linux物聯網閘道器 32
3.3. 關鍵技術與市場缺口 34
3.3.1. 系統安全性 34
3.3.2. 周邊裝置支援性 40
第四章 個案公司與改善技術缺口 42
4.1. 個案公司背景 42
4.2. 個案公司競爭力分析 48
4.3. 個案公司關鍵技術 56
4.3.1. 系統安全機制 67
4.3.2. 周邊裝置支援機制 72
第五章 結論與建議 76
5.1. 研究結果 76
5.2. 研究限制 79
參考文獻 80


表目錄
表1.1：Red Hat與Ubuntu Core對物聯網的市場產品定位 11
表2.1：Gartner 2017至2018年前十大物聯網技術 18
表3.1：常用商業軟體與自由軟體之對照表 27
表3.2：2017年最受歡迎的Linux 發行版本 30
表3.3：各版本Linux針對OpenSSL Heartbleed漏洞修復時間點 37
表4.1：個案公司SWOT分析 50
表4.2：Everyware™ Software Framework技術規格 61
表4.3：Ubuntu Core與Red Hat Enterprise Linux比較表 65
表4.4：Firefox（火狐瀏覽器）：52.0.1版本安裝必須的程式庫與套件 71
表4.5：物聯網短距離無線通訊現有技術比較表 73
表4.6：新興低功耗廣與無線技術一覽 74


圖目錄
圖1.1：2016年全球物聯網設備相關的總投資金額比例 10
圖1.2：論文架構圖 13
圖2.1：國際電信聯盟電信標準化部門的物聯網架構 17
圖2.2：物聯網應用全貌 22
圖2.3：物聯網商業模型 22
圖3.1：GNU GPL2授權的gedit文字編輯軟體 24
圖3.2：Linus Torvalds於1991年發佈的email內容 28
圖3.3：微軟Windows 10系統上的Ubuntu Bash 30
圖3.4：企業物聯網閘道器與物聯網生態系統之角色定位 32
圖3.5：OpenSSL漏洞攻擊示意圖 36
圖3.6：透過伺服器漏洞擷取伺服器記憶體資料 38
圖3.7：CentOS Linux測試OpenSSL漏洞已修復 39
圖4.1：個案公司於世界各國的據點 43
圖4.2：Ubuntu Core是知名廠商的合作夥伴 46
圖4.3：Ubuntu Linux系統介面 47
圖4.4：Ubuntu Gnome作業系統圖形介面 47
圖4.5：Red Hat Enterprise Linux系統安裝介面 48
圖4.6：個案公司波特五力分析模型 51
圖4.7：個案公司競爭對手排名 54
圖4.8：個案公司BCG矩陣 56
圖4.9：兩種作業系統容量大小比較 57
圖4.10：Ubuntu Core系統安裝軟體程式的指令 58
圖4.11：傳統Linux安裝時遇到的相依性問題 58
圖4.12：Ubuntu Core與傳統Linux的差異 59
圖4.13：Dell物聯網閘道器於物聯網的角色定位 60
圖4.14：Red Hat與Eurotech的企業物聯網閘道器角色定位 62
圖4.15：Red Hat Enterprise Linux安裝套件所需指令 63
圖4.16：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 的軟體安裝指令參數說明 64
圖4.17：Ubuntu Core的Signature（數位簽章） 67
圖4.18：Ubuntu Core系統中查看軟體列表的指令 68
圖4.19：Sandbox技術示意圖 69
圖4.20：JDK1.0的Sandbox技術示意圖 70
圖4.21：Ubuntu Core的系統架構 71
圖4.22：傳統Linux系統與Ubuntu Core的架構對照圖 72

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