臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究是使用導電高分子PEDOT:PSS並摻雜碳黑材料作為染料敏化太陽能電池的對電極，並且使用硫酸處理進行薄膜的修飾，目標於取代傳統使用白金材料製成的對電極。我們的實驗中主要有兩個部分: (1)優化製備PEDOT:PSS對電極的製程。 (2)PEDOT:PSS對電極摻雜碳黑的改質。
我們希望透過PEDOT:PSS對電極的改質，以及摻雜碳黑材料的方式改善純PEDOT:PSS對電極元件低填充因子的缺點，並透過硫化製程去除PEDOT:PSS中高電阻值的PSS-，來提高PEDOT:PSS對電極導電性與對電解液的催化能力與環境穩定性。而我們的實驗結果顯示，當碳黑摻雜濃度在14.04%時，元件的填充因子從42.21%提高到66.61%，元件的光電轉換效率能夠提高到6.99%;而經過硫化的元件，在0.00%碳黑摻雜濃度時，同時具有高短路電流密度 (17.74 mA/cm2)與填充因子 (64.69%)的表現，光電轉換效率到達8.55%。為了更進一步的提高元件的轉換效率，我們對碳黑材料進行了預處理，透過高溫燒結提高碳黑的活性與純化，最終提升了在高濃度碳黑摻雜時元件的電流密度與並聯電阻，我們的元件在碳黑摻雜濃度18.71%時可以到達7.87%的效率，而經過硫化處理的元件，在低摻雜時 (0.23%%碳黑摻雜)得到了本實驗最高的轉換效率8.82%，接近本實驗中的白金對電極元件 (9.01%)。

In this study, poly(3,4-thylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and carbon black (CB) are be used as counter electrodes (CE) in the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC). In order to replace the conventional platinum (Pt) electrodes, we modify PEDOT:PSS thin film by the sulfation treatment. We can divide our experiment into two main parts: (1) the optimization of PEDOT:PSS CEs fabrication process, (2) PEDOT:PSS compose with CB as CE.
By using the sulfation treatment to remove the PSS- to increase the PEDOT:PSS CE's conductivity and redox ability, We hope to improve the effective surface area of the CE and electrolyte contacts through the PEDOT:PSS and CB composites. In our results, when the CB mixing ratio at 14.04%, the fill factor (FF) can enhance from 42.21% to 66.61%, and efficiency can reach 6.99%. After sulfation treatment, the devices have high performance of Short-Circuit Current Density (JSC) of 17.74 mA/cm2、FF of 64.69%, and the efficiency of 8.55%. Furthermore, we also improve the performance of devices by the pretreatment of CB, increasing the activity and purity, and enhancing the JSC and shunt resistance of device at high CB mixing ratio, the efficiency of 7.87% at 18.71% CB mixing ratio, and the devices after sulfation treatment has the highest efficiency of 8.82% at 0.23% CB mixing ratio. The results are almost closed to the Pt device efficiency of 9.01%.

誌謝 I
摘要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 IX
第一章 緒論 1
1.1. 前言 1
1.2. 染料敏化太陽能電池發展歷史 3
1.3. 研究動機 4
第二章 實驗原理與架構 6
2.1. 染料敏化太陽能電池之工作原理 6
2.2. 染料敏化太陽能電池的基本結構 8
2.2.1. 工作電極 8
2.2.2. 染料敏化劑 9
2.2.3. 電解質 10
2.2.4. 對電極 11
2.3. 對電極材料的發展 12
2.3.1. 鉑對電極 12
2.3.2. 碳材料對電極 13
2.3.3. 化合物對電極 14
2.3.4. 導電聚合物對電極 15
2.4. 導電高分子PEDOT:PSS對電極 16
2.4.1. 導電高分子 16
2.4.2. 導電高分子PEDOT:PSS 17
2.4.3. PEDOT:PSS的改質 18
2.4.4. PEDOT:PSS對電極用於DSSC 21
2.5. 染料敏化太陽能電池之光電性能參數 23
2.5.1. 短路電流密度 (Short-Circuit Current Density, JSC) 23
2.5.2. 開路電壓 (Open-Circuit Voltage, VOC) 24
2.5.3. 填充因子 (Fill Factor, FF) 24
2.5.4. 光電轉換效率 (Conversion Efficiency, ƞ) 25
第三章 實驗流程與製備 26
3.1. 實驗耗材與儀器 26
3.2. 實驗流程與方式 27
3.2.1. 玻璃基板清洗 27
3.2.2. TiO2工作電極製程 28
3.2.3. Pt對電極製程 28
3.2.4. PEDOT:PSS/CB對電及製程 28
3.2.5. 電池組裝與量測 29
第四章 實驗結果與討論 30
4.1. 製程優化實驗 30
4.1.1. PEDOT:PSS元件延遲量測實驗 30
4.1.2. 元件耐濕性測試及重複硫化 38
4.2. PEDOT: PSS摻雜碳黑對電極元件實驗 41
4.2.1. 薄膜特性量測 41
4.2.1.1. 薄膜表面觀測 41
4.2.1.2. 光學特性量測 44
4.2.1.3. 片電阻 45
4.2.2. 未預燒結碳黑摻雜實驗 46
4.2.2.1. 短路電流密度 49
4.2.2.2. 串聯電阻與並聯電阻 51
4.2.2.3. 功率轉換效率 53
4.2.3. 預燒結碳黑摻雜實驗 54
4.2.3.1. 短路電流密度 57
4.2.3.2. 串聯電阻與並聯電阻 58
4.2.3.3. 功率轉換效率 60
第五章 結論 61
參考文獻 63

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