臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣在進入工業時代後以製造業為重，然而近年來台灣傳統產業面臨生產成本日益升高、勞工短缺及環保意識迅速發展等挑戰，因此對於台灣的製造業該如何在生產過程中減少過多的閒置與浪費，達到低成本高生產率是個重要課題。故本研究是以汽車製造業之多人生產線平衡問題作為探討對象，且多人生產線與傳統產線的最大不同在於工作站中操作人員配置數量。因此本研究將透過建構一套最佳化數學規劃模型，以最小化工作站數及操作人員配置數為目標，並進行相關決策分析以達到最佳配置及效率。透過田口方法的實驗設計，利用不同大小問題驗證本研究之免疫遺傳演算法的正確性後，針對結合案例公司的問題，運用免疫遺傳演算法求解，並與最佳化軟體求得之解做比較，最後針對可能影響之參數做敏感度分析。

Manufacturing business has the been key point ever since Taiwan enters industrial era. However, challenges like, the growing manufacturing cost, the emerging labor shortage and the rising environmental awareness are putting traditional industry in a even more difficult situation. How to reduce excessive wastes and achieve low-cost and high-efficiency during production have become an important topic for the industry. This research will focus on how to find the problem of balancing production lines with multi-manned workstations in Car industry. The major difference between these issues and the balancing of traditional production line is the allocation of manpower at the workstation. This research is focusing on building a optimal mathematic model to minimize the number of workstations and manpower allocation and perform the correlation between efficiency and manpower distribution. Also, using Taguchi methods, we have done different scale of experiments to prove the validity of our Immune Genetic Algorithm. After validation, we have demonstrated our Immune Genetic Algorithm by conducting experiments on cooperated company data, and compared the result with the other optimization software. In the end, we can do sensitivity correlation of possible factors by previous results.

摘要....................................................i
Abstract...............................................ii
誌謝...................................................iv
目錄....................................................v
表目錄................................................vii
圖目錄.................................................ix
第一章 緒論............................................1
1.1 研究背景與動機.......................................1
1.2 研究目的............................................2
1.3 研究範圍與假設.......................................2
1.4 研究流程.............................................3
第二章 文獻探討 ........................................6
2.1 生產線平衡問題.......................................6
2.2 多人工作站生產線平衡問題..............................8
2.3 免疫遺傳演算法.......................................9
2.4 實驗設計-田口方法...................................19
第三章 問題定義 .......................................23
3.1 定義問題............................................23
3.2 數學規劃模型 .......................................23
3.3 測試問題............................................28
第四章 演算法設計與測試................................33
4.1 免疫遺傳演算法流程..................................33
4.2 建立可行平衡解之流程(The procedure of building feasible balancing solutions)...................................40
4.3 免疫遺傳演算法參數設定...............................46
4.4 測試與驗證..........................................50
4.4.1 測試環境與測試問題................................50
4.4.2 免疫遺傳演算法驗證................................50
4.5 驗證結果...........................................52
第五章 實務案例.......................................55
5.1 案例背景說明 .......................................55
5.2 實務案例測試與結果..................................58
5.2.1 免疫遺傳演算法之測試結果...........................58
5.2.2 實務案例結果小結..................................60
5.3 參數敏感度分析......................................61
5.3.1 參數資料..........................................61
5.3.2 限制操作員數量之影響...............................62
5.3.3 操作員數限制為3人下變動Cycle time之影響............63
第六章 結論與建議.....................................66
6.1 結論...............................................66
6.2 建議...............................................66
參考文獻 ...............................................68
Extended Abstract......................................73
簡歷...................................................78

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