臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文所提出之位元率控制(Bitrate Control)是針對H.264/AVC [1]的影像壓縮方法，所做的恰當控制來配合無線傳輸的訊息吞吐量(Throughput)發揮最高的效率，而它的應用偏重在目前比較熱門的NGB TVOS [4]( Next Generation Broadcasting Network TVOS)上。
在實作影音即時無線傳輸及播放時，我們發現影片有時會停頓的問題，經過分析後原因是影像的變化從頻率低及較多的畫面間(inter-frame)累贅(redundancy)影像的片段直接轉變成頻率高及較少的畫面間累贅影像的片段。
為瞭解位元率控制於無線傳輸上的效率，實驗分三個部份，JVT 的位元率控制及控制緩衝器(Buffer control)的位元率控制與不做位元率控制，探討不同的方法的效益。
實證研究後發現控制緩衝器的位元率控制方法，能改善兩張連續影像劇烈的變化，而造成單張影像的位元率會較大的變化，總位元率超出設定值，影響在無線傳輸中，無法即時傳輸影片而停頓的問題。

In this paper, the bitrate Control is to make the appropriate control of the image compression method for H.264 [1] / AVC [1] (Advanced Video Coding) to meet the throughput of the wireless transmission to play the highest efficiency. Its application is focused on the NGB TVOS [4] which is more popular currently.
We found that the film sometimes pause the problem, in the actual implementation of audio and video for real-time wireless transmission and playback. The reason for the analysis is that the image changes from the low frequency and the more inter-frame redundant image of the fragment directly into the high frequency and the less inter-frame redundant image of the fragment.
In order to understand the efficiency of the bitrate control on the wireless transmission, the experiment is divided into three parts, the bitrate control of JVT; the bitrate control of a buffer control and NO bitrate control, explore the benefits of the three different approaches.
The empirical study found that the bitrate control of the buffer control method, can improving the two consecutive images of dramatic changes, resulting in a single image of the bitrate will be a big change. The total bitrate exceeds the set value, affecting the wireless transmission cannot instantly transmit video to pausing of the problem.

誌謝 i
摘要 ii
ABSTRACT iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF FIGURES vi
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 2
1.2 OTHER SOLUTION 3
2. BACKGROUND 7
2.1 NGB TVOS RELATED TECHNOLOGY INTRODUCTION 7
2.2 THE INTRODUCTION OF H.264 / AVC BITRATE CONTROL TECHNOLOGY 7
2.3 THE INTRODUCTION OF JVT'S BITRATE CONTROL 9
3. RESEARCH METHODS 12
3.1 IMPROVE METHODS 12
3.2 RELATED ENVIRONMENT 14
4. Experimental steps 21
4.1 AV SENDER TX CONTROL 21
4.2 AV SENDER RX CONTROL 21
4.3 BITRATE CONTROL 22
5. Conclusion 24
5.1 NO BITRATE CONTROL 24
5.2 THE BITRATE CONTROL OF JVT 25
5.3 THE BITRATE CONTROL OF A BUFFER CONTROL 31
5.4 RESULTS: 35
REFERENCES 36

REFERENCES
[1] Advanced Video Coding Generic Audiovisual Services, Rec. ITU-T H.264 Edition 5.0
[2] Video Compression picture types https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_compression_picture_types May 2017
[3] H.264/AVC Software Coordination: H.264/AVC Reference Software http://iphome.hhi.de/suehring/tml/download/ May 2017
[4] NGB TVOS https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGB_TVOS May 2017
[5] Set-top box https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-top_box May 2017
[6] Wi-Fi https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi May 2017
[7] High-Definition Multimedia Interface https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HDMI May 2017
[8] State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Administration_of_Press,_Publication,_Radio,_Film_and_Television May 2017
[9]YUV https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YUV May 2017.
[10] BT.1120: Digital interfaces for HDTV studio signals https://www.itu.int/rec/R-REC-BT.1120/en May 2017
[11]Video sender https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_sender May 2017
[12] MPEG-2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-2 May 2017
[13] K.R.Rao1, Z. Bojković, D. Milovanović, “Joint video encoding in DVB/ATSC multi-program transmission: MPEG-2 vs. H.264/AVC bitrate control”, IEEE Tele. Modern Sate., Cable, and Broa. Services Dec. 2009
[14] Jing Yang, Xiangzhong Fang and Hongkai Xiong,“A Joint Rate Control Scheme for H.264 Encoding of Multiple Video Sequences”, IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, Vol. 51 Iss. 2, May 2005
[15] Parisa Sha’afi Kabiri, and Mahmoud Reza Hashemi, “An adaptive Fast Bitrate Shaping Scheme for H264_AVC Rate Control”, IEEE int. Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting, August 2012
[16] Jing Yang, Xiangzhong Fang and Hongkai Xiong, “Joint Rate Control for Multiple Sequences coding based on H.264 standard”, IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, Vol. 51 Iss. 2, May 2005