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研究生:吳嘉真
研究生(外文):Chia-chen Wu
論文名稱:LED 顯示資訊對視認度與主觀感受之影響研究
論文名稱(外文):The Influences of LED Information Displays on the Visual Recognition and Subjective Feeling
指導教授:吳志富吳志富引用關係
指導教授(外文):Chih-fu Wu
口試委員:吳志富
口試委員(外文):Chih-fu Wu
口試日期:2016-11-03
學位類別:博士
校院名稱:大同大學
系所名稱:設計科學研究所
學門:設計學門
學類:綜合設計學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2016
畢業學年度:105
語文別:中文
論文頁數:116
中文關鍵詞:環境照度輝度圖/地色彩組合LED 光源字詞間距
外文關鍵詞:LED light sourceambient illuminationword spacingcolor combinationbrightness
相關次數:
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近年來 LED 光源的興起不但逐漸取代傳統光源在照明市場的使用率,其中因壽命長、環保、體積小、逐漸低價化等優點,讓其光源不單只應用於照明上,於行動通訊、車用、PC、NB與大型看版等領域皆被廣泛地使用,因此,如何設計呈現在LED 光源顯示裝置之資訊,以提高資訊的視認性,應是人因設計領域裡一個重要而迫切的研究課題。本研究遵循「使用者為中心」之理念,主要探討 LED 圖地輝度對比、圖/地色彩組合、字詞間距、以及環境照度對資訊的視認性與主觀感受之影響情形,實驗設計共分為二階段。階段一,以實驗法探討 LED 圖地輝度對比、圖/地色彩組合、環境照度、以及字詞間距對受試者視認績效之影響,結果發現,LED 圖地輝度對比、圖/地色彩組合、字詞間距、以及環境照度均顯著影響受試者的視認正確率。受試者視認圖/地輝度對比為 400/0 cd/m2 的刺激之正確率為最佳,圖/地色彩組合為綠/綠的刺激之正確率明顯低於其他組合,半形字詞間距的刺激之正確率為最佳,在高環境照度 (400 lux) 下之視認正確率顯著較在低環境照度下 (30 lux) 時為高。階段二,援用階段一之研究結果,以較具視認率的資訊之設計變項及不同水準的前 16% 組合,利用 LED 顯示裝置呈現刺激訊息,以量測受試者觀看刺激並感知眩光發生之距離,結果發現,在 400 lux 和 30 lux 環境照度下,受試者知覺 12 種刺激發生眩光之距離均有顯著差異。在400 lux 環境照度下,受試者知覺 (圖/地輝度對比;圖/地色彩組合;刺激字詞間距)400/0 cd/m2;橙/橙;標準之刺激發生眩光的距離為最短,而在 30 lux 環境照度下,受試者知覺刺激樣本為 400/0 cd/m2;黃/黃;半形之眩光的距離為最短。本研究結果可提供設計 LED 光源顯示裝置的資訊之參考,並廣泛應用於商店、車站、機場或道路等資訊之傳遞。
In recent years, LED light source gradually replace the traditional light source in the lighting market. Because the LED has a long life, environmental protection, small size, and gradually lower prices and other advantages, now LED light source is not only used in lighting, in the mobile communications, automotive, PC, NB and large-scale version of the field is also widely used. Therefore, how to design information presented in the LED light source display device to improve the visibility of information should be an important and urgent research topic in the field of human factors design. This study follows the concept of "user-centered", which focuses on the contrast of LED brightness, color combination, word spacing, and environmental illumination on the visibility and subjective feelings of information. Experimental design is divided into two stages. In the first stage, the influence of LED brightness contrast, color combination, ambient illumination, and word spacing on the visual performance of the subjects was studied experimentally. It was found that the luminance contrast, color combination, word spacing, and ambient illuminance of the LED image significantly affected the visual correctness of the subjects. The correct rate of the subject visual luminance contrast 400/0 cd/m2 stimulus was the best. The correct rate of stimulus of green / green color is significantly lower than other combinations, and the correct rate of stimulus for half-word spacing is the best. The visibility accuracy at high ambient illuminance (400 lux) is significantly higher than at low ambient illuminance (30 lux). In the second stage, from the first phase of the study selected the best of 16% combination, and the stimulus message is presented using an LED display device to measure the distance at which the subject views the stimulus and perceives the occurrence of the glare. The results showed that subjects perceived 12 kinds of stimuli glare of the distance were significantly different in 400 lux and 30 lux ambient illumination. In the 400 lux environment illumination, Subjects perceived (luminance contrast;color combination;word spacing= 400/0 cd/m2;orange / orange;standard word spacing) combination of glare distance is the shortest. In the 30 lux environment illumination, subjects perceived stimulus sample 400/0 cd/m2;yellow / yellow;half-word spacing combination of glare distance is the shortest. The results of this study can provide information for the design of LED light source display devices, and it is widely used in shops, stations, airports or roads and other information transmission.
誌謝 i
中文摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 v
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 ix
第壹章 前言 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 8
第三節 研究步驟與架構 10
第四節 研究限制 13
第貳章 文獻探討 14
第一節 發光二極體
2.1.1 LED 光源之發展與應用 14
2.1.2 LED顯示裝置 17
2.1.3 LED顯示裝置產業的應用領域 19
第二節 人眼的感光度與測量
2.2.1 色彩的視覺作用 24
2.2.2 視覺敏銳度 25
2.2.3 基本的輻射度量與光度量 26
2.2.4 眩光 27
第三節 光源特性與各因子對視認度的影響
2.3.1 色溫 33
2.3.2 演色性 34
2.3.3 環境照度對視認度的影響 36
2.3.4 光源輝度對視認度的影響 41
2.3.5 字距對視認度的影響 46
2.3.6 色彩對視認度的影響 49
2.3.7 小結 53
第參章 研究方法
第一節 資訊呈現特性之視認分析 57
3.1.1 受試者 58
3.1.2 實驗材料 58
3.1.3 實驗設備與環境 60
3.1.4 實驗程序 62
3.1.5 效標 63
第二節 資訊呈現特性之眩光知覺分析 64
3.2.1 受試者 64
3.2.2 實驗材料 65
3.2.3 實驗設備與環境 67
3.2.4 實驗程序 67
3.2.5 效標 69
第肆章 結果與討論
第一節 研究結果 70
4.1.1 敘述性統計 70
4.1.2 視認正確率 71
4.1.3 知覺發生眩光之距離 80
第二節 討論82
4.2.1 環境照度 82
4.2.2 圖/地輝度對比 83
4.2.3 圖/地色彩組合 85
4.2.4 字詞間距 86
4.2.5 知覺發生眩光之距離 88
4.2.6 圖/地輝度對比與圖/地色彩組合 89
4.2.7 圖/地色彩組合與環境照度 90
4.2.8 圖/地色彩組合與刺激字詞間距 90
4.2.9 圖/地輝度對比、圖/地色彩組合與字詞間距 90
4.2.10 圖/地輝度對比、圖/地色彩組合以及刺激字詞間距 91
第伍章 結論與建議
第一節 結論 93
第二節 後續研究建議 98
參考文獻 101
附錄 116
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