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研究生:王郁銘
研究生(外文):WANG, YU-MING
論文名稱:環境低頻噪音頻譜分析平台設計及實現
論文名稱(外文):Environmental Low Frequency Acoustic Noise Sound SpectrumAnalysis Platform Design and Implementation
指導教授:李財福李財福引用關係
指導教授(外文):LEE,TSAIR-FWU
口試委員:卓明遠陳文平蔡政男李財福
口試委員(外文):CHO,MING-YUANCHEN,WEN-PINGTSAI,CHENG-NANLEE,TSAIR-FWU
口試日期:2018-07-30
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立高雄應用科技大學
系所名稱:電子工程系
學門:工程學門
學類:電資工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2018
畢業學年度:106
語文別:中文
論文頁數:72
中文關鍵詞:頻譜分析儀噪音吸音棉玻璃纖維棉噪音計
外文關鍵詞:Spectrum analyzernoisesound-absorbing cottonfiberglass cottonnoise meter
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目的: 為了提高市面的吸音或隔音產品成效,並且降低量測隔音環境設備的成本,同時效能亦能達到國家標準Class1 標準及環境保護署法規,本研究建構環境低頻噪音頻譜分析平台,提供更簡便的環境噪音增減數據研究工具。
材料與方法: 本研究利用 LabVIEW 實驗室虛擬儀器工程平台(Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench)作為使用者介面平台開發,同時整合頻率產生器來模擬不同頻率在不同場域的噪音,再利用RION 精密型噪音計量測量測噪音頻譜,並藉由3.5mm 音源線傳輸至NI 美國國家儀器有限公司(National Instruments)聲音頻譜分析模組,主要針對接收到的音訊量測、噪音與振動 (NV)(Noise and Vibration )進行分析,透過USB 傳輸至電腦端,為PC-based 系統的聲音與振動應用提供動態訊號產生及擷取功能,最後利用LabVIEW 平台本身建立在軟體中的傅立葉與高低通濾波器函式元件,前者主要透過軟體設定AC/DC 偶合條件,以及模組所接收的頻率轉換數值,後者則是設定訊號的振幅與頻率,並將雜訊的部分消除,進而建構出一套完善的環境低頻噪音頻譜分析平台。
結果:本研究頻譜分析平台測量環保型高吸音率集音板、玻璃纖維棉板以及石膏隔音板等吸/隔音設備,並利用頻譜產生器模擬出20~200Hz 等11道低分貝音頻噪音。由數據可發現各種吸/隔音材在低頻頻率減音量,達到日後處理各種低頻噪音使用材料之方向。
結論: 本研究證實環境低頻噪音頻譜分析平台能有效改善噪音所產生之問題,對於低分貝音頻減低測量時的誤差率,並減少高階設備的成本開發,同時考慮到安全性以及材質對於周遭環境造成二次公害等完善的評估。
Purpose:For improving the performance of sound-absorbing or sound-proof products in the market, reducing the cost of measuring sound-proof environment equipment and conforming Environmental Protection Administration's class 1 standard for the performance, this study constructs an environmental low-frequency noise spectrum analysis platform to provide an easy environmental noise data research tool.
Materials and Methods:This study uses LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench) as the user interface platform, integrates the frequency generator to simulate the noise of different frequencies in different fields, and uses RION precision noise meter to measure the noise spectrum. The signal is transmitted to the NI(National Instruments) sound spectrum analysis module via a 3.5mm audio source line. It is mainly used for analysis of received audio measurement, noise and vibration
(NV). The analyzed signal is transmitted to the computer via USB (Universal Serial Bus) port to provide dynamic signal generation and capture for PC-based systems. Finally,using the built-in Fourier and high-low-pass filter function components of the LabVIEW platform, we construct a complete set of environmental low-frequency noise spectrum of analysis platform. The former of the functional component mainly sets the AC/DC coupling condition and the frequency conversion value received by the module through the software. The latter of the functional component sets the amplitude and frequency of the signal and eliminates the noise.
Results:In this study, the spectrum analysis platform measures environmentally
friendly high sound absorption tone boards, glass fiber cotton boards, and gypsum sound-insulating boards, and uses the spectrum generator to simulate 11 low-decibel audio noises with 20~200Hz. From the data, it can be found that various absorbing insulation sound materials are degraded at low frequency frequencies as a direction for processing various low frequency noise materials in the future.
Conclusion:This study confirms that the environmental low-frequency noise spectrum analysis platform can effectively improve the problems caused by noise, reduce the error rate of low-decibel audio measurement, reduce the development cost of high-order equipment, and improve the secondary pollution caused by sound insulation materials to the surrounding environment.
摘要.......................................................................................................................... i
Abstract .................................................................................................................. iii
致謝......................................................................................................................... v
目錄........................................................................................................................ vi
表目錄.................................................................................................................. viii
圖目錄.................................................................................................................. viii
符號縮寫................................................................................................................. x
符號說明................................................................................................................. x
第一章 緒論..........................................................................................................1
1.1 動機.................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 目的.................................................................................................................. 2
1.3 相關文獻探討.................................................................................................. 3
第二章 材料與方法...............................................................................................6
2.1 前言.................................................................................................................. 6
2.2 測量噪音頻率前置程序.................................................................................. 7
2.2.1 測量條件................................................................................................... 7
2.3 測量噪音訊號頻率設定.................................................................................. 8
2.4 聲音頻譜分析介面硬體架構.......................................................................... 8
2.4.1 環保型高吸音率集音板........................................................................... 8
2.4.2 玻璃纖維棉板......................................................................................... 10
2.4.3 石膏隔音板............................................................................................. 12
2.4.4 頻率產生器............................................................................................. 13
2.4.5 單軸低頻喇叭......................................................................................... 14
2.4.6 精密型噪音計......................................................................................... 16
2.4.7 聲音頻譜分析模組................................................................................... 17
2.3 聲音頻譜分析介面軟體架構........................................................................ 20
2.3.1 使用者介面............................................................................................. 20
2.3.2 頻譜轉換器............................................................................................. 21
2.3.3 高低通濾波器......................................................................................... 22
第三章 結果........................................................................................................ 23
3.1 前言................................................................................................................ 23
3.2 聲音頻譜分析平台安裝過程........................................................................ 24
3.2.1 ST1 步驟一.............................................................................................. 24
vii
3.2.2 ST2 步驟二.............................................................................................. 24
3.2.3 ST3 步驟三.............................................................................................. 25
3.2.4 ST4 步驟四.............................................................................................. 25
3.2.5 ST5 步驟五.............................................................................................. 26
3.2.6 ST6 步驟六.............................................................................................. 26
3.3 聲音頻譜分析平台介面說明........................................................................ 27
3.4 環保型高吸音率集音板之噪音衰減率結果................................................ 29
3.4.1 無設定頻率之室內空間噪音量測結果................................................. 29
3.4.2 200Hz 之室內空間噪音量測結果.......................................................... 30
3.4.3 160~20Hz 之室內空間噪音量測結果.................................................... 31
3.4.4 噪音測量儀器校正................................................................................. 31
3.4.5 噪音頻率產出儀器校正......................................................................... 31
3.4.6 三種材質之12 道頻率差異比較........................................................... 31
3.4.6 研究開發成本差異比較......................................................................... 33
第四章 討論........................................................................................................ 34
4.1 NI 聲音頻譜分析模組與噪音計部分............................................................ 34
4.2 噪音計數據準確性........................................................................................ 34
4.3 訊號經由喇叭發聲........................................................................................ 34
4.4 頻率產生器準確性........................................................................................ 34
4.5 發聲噪音音源揚聲器(喇叭) 部分................................................................ 35
4.6 量測空間問題................................................................................................ 35
4.7 噪音行為圖.................................................................................................... 36
4.8 噪音測量品質管制........................................................................................ 37
4.9 吸隔音材質測量之尺寸................................................................................ 39
4.10 其他材料實驗室測量之數據........................................................................ 40
第五章 結論........................................................................................................ 41
參考文獻............................................................................................................... 42
附錄....................................................................................................................... 45
(1)160Hz 之室內空間噪音量測結果......................................................................... 45
(2)125Hz 之室內空間噪音量測結果......................................................................... 46
(3)100Hz 之室內空間噪音量測結果......................................................................... 47
(4)80Hz 之室內空間噪音量測結果........................................................................... 48
(5)63Hz 之室內空間噪音量測結果........................................................................... 49
(6)50Hz 之室內空間噪音量測結果........................................................................... 50
viii
(7)40Hz 之室內空間噪音量測結果........................................................................... 51
(8)31.5Hz 之室內空間噪音量測結果........................................................................ 52
(9)25Hz 之室內空間噪音量測結果........................................................................... 53
(10)20Hz 之室內空間噪音量測結果......................................................................... 54
(11)噪音計檢定報告書.............................................................................................. 55
(12)頻率產生器原廠儀器校正報告.......................................................................... 58
自傳....................................................................................................................... 59
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