臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著網頁的發展，在網路上進行貿易的平台也開始增加，並且往往會有一個可信任的第三方中央機構來協助交易的進行，以防堵詐騙及減少消費紛爭，而區塊鏈的特性在商業應用上有著信任的價值，因此可以去除第三方中央機溝的存在，以簡化交易流程，並且在未來將會出現透過區塊鏈特性的創新的商業模式出現。

本研究架設了Hyperledger Fabric的私有區塊鏈平台，並結合Web服務以建立區塊鏈即服務(Blockchain as a Service, BAAS)架構，接著導入網頁MVC設計框架，進而提出一個B-MVC架構，該架構將整合AMET[2]架構，並將Model區分為兩個部分，分別為Model與BModel，其中Model的主要負責與資料庫進行溝通，以管理資料庫內的數據，而BModel則是負責與區塊鏈進行溝通，以管理區塊鏈內的數據。而BModel要與區塊鏈進行溝通時，必須透過Node Server來作為溝通的橋樑。接著透過該架構，建立出一個簡單的轉帳系統做為範例。而其中本研究相較於其他研究中的重要性如下：

 解決常見的Web設計程式語言(如：PHP、ASP.NET等等...)來與Hyperledger Fabric溝通困難的問題。
 導入MVC設計模式，並將Model的資料儲存方式區分為資料庫與區塊鏈兩部分，以簡化系統開發的複雜度，並且提升系統開發的可維護性、獨立性與可擴展性。

綜合上述觀點所說，本研究提出B-MVC的架構，以支援各種Web程式語言，透過Web服務來與區塊鏈進行溝通。由於B-MVC架構是以MVC設計模式作為基礎，因此也具有重用性、獨立性、維護性、可擴充性等以上優點，為此該架構上的各個組件，其中包含View、Controller、Model、BModel、Node Application和Chaincode等，皆是具有獨立性的，因此在系統的開發上，可以使開發人員各司其職的進行分工，進而增加系統開發的效率。

With the development of web pages, the platform for trading on the Internet is also gradually increasing. Moreover, there is always a trusted third-party central institution to assist in the conduct of trade, for the purpose of preventing fraud and reducing commercial dispute. The characteristic of the Blockchain has a trusted value in business applications. Therefore, it could remove the existence of the third-party central institution to simplify the transaction process. Furthermore, there will be an innovative business model that emerges through the characteristic of the Blockchain in the future.

This study erects the private Blockchain platform of Hyperledger Fabric, combines web services to build a framework of the Blockchain as a Service(BAAS), and imports a framework of the MVC web design, and then proposes the B-MVC framework which intergrates with the AMET[2] framework, and divides Model into two parts: Model and BModel. Model primarily communicates with the database to manage data in the database, and BModel mainly communicates with the Blockchain to manage data in the Blockchain. When BModel wants to interact with the Blockchain, it must use Node Server as a bridge of communication. Then a simple transfer system is established as an example through the framework. The importance of this study compared to other studies are as follows:

 Solve the difficult communication problems between common web design programming languages (e.g. PHP, ASP.NET etc.) and Hyperledger Fabric.
 Import the MVC design pattern, and separate the data storage method of Model into two parts: the database and the Blockchain to simplify the complexity of system development, and promote the maintainability, the independence and the scalability of system development.

Combine the above viewpoints, this study proposes the framework of B-MVC to support various web programming languages, and communicate with the Blockchain through web services. Because the B-MVC framework is based on the MVC design pattern, it also has the advantages of the reusability, the independence, the maintainability, and the scalability. For this purpose, the various independent components of this framework, including View, Controller, Model, BModel, Node Application and Chaincode etc. Therefore, it allows developers to carry out their own duties in the division of labor in the development of the system and thereby increases the efficiency of system development.

目 錄
摘要-------------------------------------------------i
ABSTRACT--------------------------------------------iii
致謝-------------------------------------------------v
目錄------------------------------------------------vii
圖目錄-----------------------------------------------ix
第一章 緒論-----------------------------------------1
1.1 研究背景-------------------------------------1
1.2 研究動機-------------------------------------7
1.3 研究目的-------------------------------------8
第二章 文件探討-------------------------------------10
2.1 區塊鏈--------------------------------------10
2.1.1 區塊鏈的共識機制-----------------------10
2.1.2 區塊鏈的特性---------------------------12
2.1.3 區塊鏈的應用---------------------------13
2.2 Hyperledger Fabric--------------------------16
2.2.1 Hyperledger Fabric特性---------------17
2.3 MVC-----------------------------------------21
2.3.1 MVC設計架構---------------------------21
2.3.2 MVC的系統流程-------------------------22
2.3.3 MVC的優點-----------------------------23
2.3.4 MVC的缺點-----------------------------24
2.4 本章小節------------------------------------25
第三章 系統架構與設計-------------------------------27
3.1 B-MVC架構-------------------------------28
3.2 Browser端-------------------------------28
3.3 WebServer端-----------------------------29
3.4 Node Server端---------------------------30
3.5 Hyperledger Fabric----------------------31
3.6 本章小節---------------------------------36
第四章 系統實作--------------------------------------37
4.1 環境安裝-------------------------------------37
4.1.1 Web Server環境安裝---------------------37
4.1.2 Node Server環境安裝--------------------38
4.1.3 Docker環境安裝-------------------------38
4.1.4 Hyperledger Fabric環境安裝-------------41
4.2 系統展示-------------------------------------43
4.3 程式碼說明-----------------------------------45
4.3.1 View----------------------------------45
4.3.2 Controller----------------------------50
4.3.3 Model---------------------------------52
4.3.4 BModel--------------------------------52
4.3.5 RESTful API---------------------------54
4.3.6 Node Application----------------------55
4.3.7 Chaincode-----------------------------60
4.4 本章小節-------------------------------------62
第五章 結論-----------------------------------------63
5.1 結論-----------------------------------------63
5.2 研究貢獻-------------------------------------64
5.2 研究建議-------------------------------------64
參考文獻---------------------------------------------65

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