臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

植物對於重金屬的耐受性和解毒能力與化學型態有相關，本研究希望通過接種菌根菌改變蕹菜的生長表現及增加蕹菜中的磷濃度，藉此改變重金屬的化學型態減少蕹菜地上部對重金屬的累積，減少蕹菜受到重金屬的毒害，並以汆燙降低重金屬的生物可及性。試驗結果發現，接種菌根菌在鎘及鎳污染土壤能夠提升蕹菜的生長表現，並降低地上部鎳的累積，但地上部對鎘的累積則會增加。此外在蕹菜中鎘及鎳主要存在型態為無機型態，接種菌根菌會增加無機型態鎘百分比及降低無機型態鎳百分比。與未汆燙比較，汆燙處理能夠降低蕹菜中移動性較高的重金屬化學型態的濃度。綜合以上結果，接種菌根菌的蕹菜在鎘、鎳污染土壤中有較佳的生長表現，而且能降低鎳在可食用部位的累積，通過汆燙能降低鎘、鉻及鎳的生物可及性。

The tolerance and detoxification mechanisms of plants for heavy metals (HMs) are associated with chemical forms. Inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) could improve growth of water spinach, increase phosphorus (P) in plants which decrease accumulation of HMs in edible part and also decrease bioaccessibility of HMs by blanching. Experimental result showed that inoculation of AMF on water spinach could improve plant growth. It also decreased accumulation of nickel (Ni) but was opposite for cadmium (Cd). Inorganic form (FE) of cadmium and nickel are the major chemical form in water spinach. Blanching could decrease concentration of cadmium and nickel of the chemical form with high mobility in comparison to fresh tissues. In conclusion, AMF could improve plant growth in cadmium and nickel contaminated soil, decrease nickel accumulation in edible parts and bioaccessibility of Cd, chromium (Cr) and Ni by blanching.

致謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 v
表目錄 vi
前言 (Introduction) 1
前人研究 (Literature Review) 5
一、重金屬對植物之影響 5
二、植物對重金屬的解毒機制 5
三、化學型態與植物對重金屬的保護機制之關係 6
四、磷對植物生理之影響 8
五、磷對於植物鎘的累積及運輸之影響 8
六、磷對於鎘在植物化學型態之影響 10
七、磷對於土壤之影響 11
八、接種菌根菌對植物及重金屬之影響 12
九、烹調處理對重金屬生物可及性之影響 13
材料與方法 (Materials and Methods) 16
試驗一、施用磷改變鎘的化學型態以降低蕹菜的累積濃度 16
試驗二、接種菌根菌及汆燙對蕹菜可食用部位重金屬化學型態之影響 19
結果 (Results) 24
試驗一、施用磷改變鎘的化學型態以降低蕹菜的累積濃度 24
試驗二、接種菌根菌及汆燙對蕹菜可食用部位重金屬化學型態之影響 27
討論 (Discussion) 31
試驗一、施用磷改變鎘的化學型態以降低蕹菜的累積濃度 31
試驗二、接種菌根菌及汆燙對蕹菜可食用部位重金屬化學型態之影響 33
磷的栽培管理對降低重金屬累積濃度及生物可及性之影響 37
結論 (Conclusion) 39
參考文獻 (References) 40
圖目錄 47
表目錄 44

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