摘要

本實驗以CNC內孔磨床與紅外線熱影像儀對AA6082合金基材、放電後硬化層及陽極和超硬陽處理之表面硬化層進行摩擦特性研究，實驗以放電合金化法 (Ectrical Discharge Alloying, EDA) 對AA6082合金進行表面改質，以純鐵為消耗性工具電極(負極), AA6082合金試片為正極，藉由放電電弧產生高熱能量，使純鐵表面熔融消耗而於鋁合金表面形成高硬度Al-Fe/Al-Fe-C 金屬間化合物。電弧放電瞬間，亦造成介電液體熱裂解反應，而產生熱裂解石墨(pyrolytic graphite)有助於改善AA6082合金磨潤性質。根據CNC內孔磨床摩擦實驗結果指出，AA6082基材磨擦對磨點實電流12 % (輸出電流0.672 A)，摩擦時消耗電功率147 W。而一般硬陽處理和超硬陽處理之試片對磨點實電流為11 % (輸出電流0.616 A)，摩擦時消耗電功率135 W。放電硬化層表面對磨點實電流10 % (輸出電流0.56 A) 摩擦時消耗電功率123 W。在摩擦性能上，經過放電後之試片表層摩擦阻力電流較小，初步判斷經過放電後之試片表面因含有熱裂解石墨達到自潤滑效果，能有效降低其摩擦阻力電流與馬達消耗功率。透過紅外線熱像儀溫度量測結果指出，AA6082合金基材與HSS鋼棒對磨接觸點測得溫度29.46℃。硬陽與HSS鋼棒對磨接觸點溫度31.41℃。超硬陽與HSS鋼棒對磨接觸點溫度32.46℃溫度。然而經過放電後之試片與HSS鋼棒對磨接觸溫度降為27.91℃。經過放電後之試片表層對磨點摩擦溫度較低推測是石墨的含量、結晶性存在所造成的效應。因此單純提升硬度並無法改善試片的磨潤性質，需要潤滑的相互配合才能達成。可以看出石墨的存在(潤滑)對於高硬度與自潤滑特性之相互搭配重要性，以及石墨的出現也均能有效降低摩擦阻力與溫度，能有效改善AA6082合金的摩擦性質。

ABSTRACT

This study experimentally investigates the surface modification of 6082 Al alloy by the electrical discharge alloying EDA process. EDA process is the reverse-electrode method of electric discharge machine. pure iron was used as negative electrode in this process to improve friction properties of AA6082 alloy. Samples were analyzed by internal grander machine and infrared thermograph. The internal grinder experimental result show the base metal (6082 Al alloy) on the wear-resisting is rated current 5.6 A of 12 % (friction current 0.672 A) and electric power is 147 W. The general hard anodizing and super hard anodizing of specimen, the wear-resisting is show rated current 5.6 A of 11% (friction current 0.616 A) and electric power is 135 W. EDA alloyed layer of the wear-resisting is show rated current 5.6 A of 10% (friction current 0.56 A) and electric power is 123 W. EDA alloyed layer the specimen surface due to has pyrolytic graphite, can effectively reduce the wear-resisting and friction current, according to the reference, graphite have excellent lubricating performance. Then, the infrared thermography experimental result show the friction temperature on base metal (6082 Al alloy) is 29.46 degrees. Hard anodizing of the friction temperature is 31.41 degrees. super hard anodizing of the friction temperature is 32.46 degrees . EDA alloyed layer the specimen the friction temperature dropped to 27.91 degrees. The infrared thermography of EDA alloyed layer was evidently lower than that of the base metal (6082 Al alloy) and hard and super hard anodizing of specimen. Among the experimental result, pyrolytic graphite can effectively improve the friction properties of AA6082 alloy with the collocation of the hard alloyed layer and the excellent lubrication effect of graphite.

總目錄
摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
總目錄 iii
表目錄 v
圖目錄 vi
放電加工符號說明 vii
第一章 前言 1
1-1 研究背景 1
1-2 線性滑軌簡介與特性 2
1-3 線性滑軌材料 3
1-4 線性滑軌基本構造 3
1-5 線性滑軌輕量化與磨潤課題 4
1-6 AA6082合金特性與應用 5
1-7 鋁合金表面處理 6
1-8 放電加工之原理及應用 8
1-9 放電合金化法 10
1-10 放電加工之參數設定 11
1-10-1 極性（Polarity , P） 11
1-10-2 放電電流 （Discharge current, Ip） 12
1-10-3 脈衝持續放電時間和脈衝休止時間（Pulse-on duration, τp & Pulse-off duration,τoff） 12
1-10-4 效率因子 (Duty factor, DF) 13



第二章 實驗步驟 14
2-1 實驗材料準備 14
2-2 實驗儀器及方法 14
2-3 分析儀器 16
2-3-1 結構及成份分析 16
2-3-2 摩擦測試 16
2-3-3 紅外線熱像測溫儀量測 17
第三章 結果與討論 18
3-1 合金化層之結構及元素成份分析 18
3-1-1 結構特性分析 18
3-1-2 SEM橫截面觀察及Mapping元素分析 19
3-2 摩擦性質分析 20
3-3 摩擦溫度分析 22
第四章 結論與未來展望與應用 23
4-1 結論 23
4-2 未來展望與應用 24
參考文獻 46

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