臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

車削加工在機械製造業中是使用最廣泛的一種，利用刀具對旋轉的工件進行去料的動作，加工方法分外徑車削與端面車削。傳統外徑車削過程中，因為連續的切削下，會有過熱、纏屑等等問題產生，於是後來有了超音波輔助加工的出現大幅降低了這些因素導致品質低的困境，在切削中使用超音波輔助振動已被證明與傳統車削相比可以大幅降低切削力、提高刀具壽命、方便切削液進入，最重要的是可以降低表面粗糙度提高表面品質、加工精度等優點。
本研究將利用藍杰文振動子形式與單軸向振動的結構簡單、成本低的優勢作結合，討論與製作超音波振動輔助車削刀把，在切削加工實驗後，分析加工結果，證明有達到所要求的加工品質。
實驗上先測量出刀把的共振頻率與刀尖振幅後算出合理的線速度，在立式CNC車床上以固定切深與兩組的進給速率參數條件分別以有加超音波與沒加超音波對熱處理過的SKD11高碳鋼進行車削，主要以表面粗糙度、刀片磨耗、表面形貌來評估加工效果。
實驗結果顯示在使用超音波振動成功地讓表面粗糙度降低，表面精度有改善的情況，刀片磨耗部份加入超音波也會有比無振動車削的磨耗要來得輕微，從形貌上看出斜向超音波振動有成功地運作在表面上。
本論文製作一個單軸向振動刀把，並成功地將超音波運用在車削加工上，擁有雙軸向振動的優點之外，以較簡單的結構與體積小的特點讓成本大幅降低。

致謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 v
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 xiv
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究的突破與創新性 2
1.3 論文架構 3
第2章 文獻回顧 5
2.1 超音波振動輔助切削的啟源 5
2.2 超音波振動輔助切削的效果 5
2.3 超音波切削理論 6
2.3.1 切削參數理論 6
2.3.2 切削振動方向 8
2.4 超音波振動車削 9
2.4.1 單軸向振動 9
2.4.2 複合式振動 13
2.4.3 斜向振動 15
2.5 超音波振動輔助切削文獻回顧 16
2.6 超音波振動驅動原理 40
2.6.1 壓電材料 40
2.6.2 蘭杰文螺栓鎖緊壓電塊型式(Langevin) 42
2.7 喇叭型放大機構 43
第3章 藍杰文單軸向超音波振動刀把設計 44
3.1 設計構想 44
3.1.1 結構與斜向振動作動原理 44
3.1.2 振幅放大機構 46
3.1.3 刀把結構材料選擇 47
3.1.4 壓電系統與刀具選用 49
3.2 ANSYS結構模擬分析 52
3.2.1 共振模態分析 54
3.2.2 剛性模擬分析 56
3.2.3 應力分佈分析 56
第4章 實驗測試 58
4.1 性能測試 58
4.1.1 阻抗分析 59
4.1.2 振幅量測 60
4.2 切削測試 74
4.2.1 實驗規劃 74
4.2.2 設備架設 78
4.3 切削結果 81
4.3.1 表面粗糙度 81
4.3.2 刀片磨損 86
4.3.3 表面形貌 89
第5章 結論與未來展望 98
5.1 結論 98
5.2 未來展望 100
第6章 參考文獻 101

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