本篇論文主要透過致發熱的方式發展與研究鐵電型液晶-膽固醇液晶(FLC-CLC)複合材料之元件光學性能表現並發展染料摻雜FLC-CLC雷射器。實驗結果顯示，此元件具有可低電壓、可室溫及可於全白光區域做光子能隙調控，雷射輸出調控可達100 nm範圍。首先本論文量測電致發熱片的溫度響應與FLC-CLC元件於可見光區之反射波段可低電壓調控性，最後探討染料摻雜FLC-CLC雷射器之雷射輸出性質與可電調控性。
本研究摻入鐵電型液晶之優點乃使得整體複合材料之層列-膽固醇液晶相相變溫度提升至室溫附近，讓此元件工作時不需要外加溫控器，另外之優點亦即摻入鐵電性液晶不會影響整體HTP值(使用一般向列型液晶無法取代鐵電型液晶)，透過低電壓(〈 2.8 V)可以調控其反射波段的位移在整個可見光區達321 nm，且光子能隙結構仍可保持完整。本研究利用結合Keating model與電致發熱片溫度模型，模擬反射中心波長與外加電壓關係曲線並與實驗結果比較相當擬合。另外，此元件施予電壓從0 V加至2.8 V時，反射波段於整個白光區調控所需時間達150秒，調控速度為2.13 nm/s；在調控性能重複性實驗裡，經過多次(五次)循環之電控反射波段位置並無顯著落差。此外，此論文同時透過給予低電壓(0 V – 0.8 V)可調控染料摻雜FLC-CLC之雷射輸出波長可達100 nm之調控範圍，所得之雷射閥值介於0.21 – 1.38 μJ/pulse之間。

This thesis mainly develops and studies the optical properties of ferroelectric liquid crystal and cholesteric liquid crystal (FLC-CLC) composite devices and further develops dye-doped FLC-CLC (DDFLC-CLC) lasers by means of electrothermal effect. Experimental results show that the device has photonic bandgap (PBG) control in the entire white light region in low-voltage range and at near room temperature, and the spectral range for tuning the lasing wavelength can be as wide as 100 nm. In first part, this study measures the temperature response of the electrothermal heating sheet and the low-voltage regulation of the reflection band of the FLC-CLC device in the visible region. In second part, the properties of the laser output and electrical controllability of the DDFLC-CLC laser are investigated.
The wide tuning of the reflection band (~321 nm) in the entire visible region can be obtained in a low voltage range (0‒2.8 V) with less deformation of reflection band. This study also uses the Keating model and the electrothermal heating model to simulate the relationship between the reflection center wavelength and the applied voltage, which result fits well with the experimental results. In addition, the study also regulates the laser output wavelength of the DDFLC-CLC up to 100 nm in a low-voltage range (0 V – 0.8 V). The lasing threshold of the lasers is between 0.21 – 1.38 μJ/pulse.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 IV
目錄 V
圖目錄 VIII
表目錄 XII
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 液晶介紹 3
2.1 液晶簡介 3
2.2 液晶分類 4
2.2.1 棒狀分子 4
2.3 液晶物理特性 9
2.3.1 光學異向性與雙折射性 9
2.3.2 介電異向性 14
2.3.3 溫度對液晶的影響 16
2.3.4 連續彈性體理論 17
第三章 膽固醇液晶與鐵電型液晶 19
3.1 膽固醇液晶的光學特性 19
3.1.1 光波在均勻非均向性介質的傳播 19
3.1.2 光波在膽固醇液晶的傳播 20
3.1.3 布拉格反射 24
3.2 影響膽固醇液晶螺距之因素 25
3.2.1 溫度 25
3.2.2 摻雜濃度 26
3.2.3 磁場 26
3.2.4 電場 27
3.3 鐵電型液晶的基本性質 29
第四章 電致發熱片與雷射原理 30
4.1 電致發熱片原理 30
4.2 雷射基本原理 33
4.2.1 物質與光的交互作用 33
4.2.2 居量反轉 37
4.2.3 雷射的產生 39
4.3 分佈式回饋雷射機制 41
4.4 染料摻雜膽固醇液晶之能隙邊緣雷射機制 41
第五章 樣品製備與實驗架設 43
5.1 實驗材料 43
5.2 製作液晶平板樣品 46
5.2.1 玻璃的清潔 46
5.2.2 製備空樣品 47
5.2.3 液晶材料配方 47
5.3 實驗架設 50
5.3.1 反射頻譜及偏光顯微鏡量測架設 50
5.3.2 雷射輸出架設 51
第六章 結果與討論 53
6.1 利用ITO電致發熱片低電壓調控FLC-CLC複合材料平板樣品 53
6.1.1 ITO電致發熱片之溫度響應 53
6.1.2 ITO電致發熱片調控FLC-CLC平板樣品之反射特性 55
6.2 可低電壓調控FLC-CLC複合材料元件之性能 60
6.2.1 FLC-CLC複合材料元件之光子能隙與電壓關係擬合曲線 60
6.2.2 電控FLC-CLC複合材料元件之可逆性、重複性及調控時間 62
6.3 摻雜雷射染料之FLC-CLC平板樣品的雷射特性 64
第七章 結論與未來展望 70
7.1 結論 70
7.2 未來展望 70
參考文獻 71

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