臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在上行非正交多重接取(NOMA)通訊系統中， 系統總傳輸功率和公平性受到資源分配的策略和接收機結構的影響。在此篇論文中，我們在上行非正交多重接取中藉由分配頻段和能量給使用者同時研究總傳輸功率和公平性的最佳化，我們也研究在不同接收機結構下的上行非正交多重接取通訊系統。和正交多重接取(OMA)比起來，非正交多重接取可以提供L個使用者在每一個頻段，增加系統總傳輸功率和頻譜使用效率。N代表總共的頻段個數，我們有總共N乘L的總資源個數，因此非正交多重接取可以提供大量的連接。有了很大的使用者總數K,提出的架構可以利用多重使用者分集。 在5G當中，使用者感受度需要提升，這是一個挑戰讓我們去做資源分配同時考慮使用者感受度。沒有適當的分配目標的傳輸功率在上行非正交多重接取通訊系統中，基地台會一直無法解出使用者傳送的訊號。在此，我們限制每個使用者可以使用的頻段個數Ns，可以保證使用者在細胞邊緣也能被分配到資源。因此，公平性表現跟之前的著作比起來增加了。我們也應用演算法讓系統總傳輸功率疊代增加。在上行多重接取通訊系統中，我們藉由不同L和Ns的組合對系統總傳輸功率和公平性表現作最佳化並且比較與分析。

In uplink Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) communication system, system sum rate and fairness are subject to resource allocation policy and receiver architecture.
In this thesis, we study joint optimization of sum rate and fairness in uplink NOMA communication system by allocation of subbands and power to users. We also study in uplink NOMA communication with different receiver architecture.
Compared to Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA), NOMA can provide number of users L in each subband which improves system sum rate, spectrum efficiency. With total resources number N X L that N represents number of total subbands, NOMA can provide massive connectivity. With larger number of users K, multi-user diversity can be exploited with proposed scheme. Users experience should be improved in 5G, there is challenge for resource allocation considered with users experience. Without proper allocation of target data rate for each user in uplink NOMA communication system, a user can always be in outage. In this work, we constrain the number of subbands Ns that each user can use, users in cell-edge would be guaranteed in resource allocation. Hence, the fairness performance improve compared to prior arts. We also apply the algorithm to improve system sum rate iteratively. We have optimized, compared and analyzed the sum rate and fairness performance with different combination of L and Ns in the uplink NOMA communication system.

1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Problem Description and Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 Prior Arts and Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.4 Proposed Uplink NOMA Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.5 Contribution and Achievement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.6 Organization of Thesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2 Background 7
2.1 OMA [1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1.1 FDMA system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1.2 OFDM system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.1.3 OFDMA system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.2 Prior Arts of NOMA and SCMA Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.2.1 NOMA system [2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.2.2 SCMA system [3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.3 Capacity Evaluation [4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.3.1 Capacity for OFDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.3.2 Capacity for NOMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.3.3 Capacity for MIMO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.4 Resource Allocation for NOMA System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2.4.1 IUI in NOMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2.4.2 Different Characteristics between Uplink and Downlink NOMA . . . 24
2.4.3 Resource Allocation for Uplink NOMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
2.4.4 Prior Art Resource Allocation for Uplink NOMA [5] . . . . . . . . . 26
2.4.5 Our Resource Allocation for Uplink NOMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3 Proposed Uplink NOMA Scheme 28
3.1 System Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.1.1 BS with single antenna (ZF-SIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.1.2 BS with Nr antennas [6] [7] (MMSE-SIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.2 Problem Formulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.2.1 MMSE-SIC receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.2.2 ZF-SIC receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3.3 Proposed Resource Allocation Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.3.1 Proposed Joint Subband Allocation and User Grouping Algorithm . . 39
3.3.2 Multi-band Iterative Water-filling Algorithm for uplink NOMA system 43
4 Simulations 48
4.1 Sum rate analysis for Fixed number of users K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4.2 Sum rate analysis with fixed resources number N L . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
4.3 Sum rate and fairness comparison with fixed resources number N L . . . 51
5 Conclusions 55
Bibliography 57

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