臺灣位處環太平洋構造帶，火山活動與板塊擠壓造成國內豐富的地熱蘊藏資源。地熱鹵水對於地熱電廠的操作是一障礙。高溫的水溶液富含各種離子與化合物造成嚴重的管壁結垢與腐蝕，使地熱電廠執行困難。本實驗以腐蝕浸漬實驗與結垢沉澱實驗兩個部份探討地熱系統中管材應用，利用大屯火山模擬液腐蝕浸漬實驗，使用材料為雙相不鏽鋼 Duplex 2205、Duplex 2507與Duplex 2594，鎳基合金 C137、1560等5種金屬材料計算其腐蝕速率、並以腐蝕橫截面SEM影像與EDS成分分析比較樣本表面腐蝕程度。另一部分探討基材表面塗層與粗糙度對於抗垢的影響，使用碳酸氫鈉與氯化鈣混合液進行結垢沉澱實驗，塗層材料包含：巧思科技DBX塗料、中油綠能所提供生質聚氨酯與低黏度環氧樹脂。粗糙度試驗則選用100、240、400、600與1200 mesh拋磨304不鏽鋼表面做為探討。由於沉澱表面物化性的不同影響碳酸鈣成核誘發時間、晶核附著及晶體生長過程，分別以重量變化、沉澱物粒徑與覆蓋率進行分析討論。
腐蝕浸漬實驗以腐蝕速率為依據結果顯示從腐蝕速率從快至慢為鎳基1560 > Duplex 2205  C-276 > Duplex 2507  Duplex 2594。以SEM影像從內部觀察合金耐蝕程度為C-276 > Duplex 2507 > Duplex 2205 > 鎳基1560。塗層實驗結果顯示在短天期內確實會抑制結垢形成，其中以生質聚氨酯有成效最好，然而塗層幾乎都沒有辦法耐70-100℃以上的高溫熱水。最後發現有效減少表面粗糙度，可以有效抑制晶核大量成長和覆著。其中以1200 mesh 拋磨試片表現出具有最佳抗垢效果，其覆蓋率皆維持在10%上下。

Taiwan located at Circum Pacific Volcanic Belt. There is rich geothermal resource caused by volcanic activity and plate convergence. The operation of geothermal power plant was obstacle by corrosion and scaling problems due to the hydrothermal with abundant ions and compounds. This research investigated the material applying to geothermal power plant pipe for corrosion immersion experiment and scaling deposit experiment. The corrosion immersion experiment used the steels of Duplex 2205, Duplex 2507 Duplex 2594, Nickel base C-276 and 1560 to be immersed in acid solution (HCl and H2SO4) for simulating Tatun Volcano hotspring. To obtain corrosion behavior by measurement of corrosion rate and to observe corrosion profile of sample by SEM and EDS were imperative methods. Another experiment for discussing how to prevent precipitation is used the mixing of NaHCO3 and CaCl2. We tried to use coating films of DBX, Polyurethane, low viscosity epoxy CUI-02 in coating materials. The roughness experiments were grinded by abrasive papers with mesh size of 100, 240, 400, 600 and 1200 on 304 stainless steel substrate, respectively. Due to the difference of physicochemical properties of precipitation surface affected nucleation induction time, nuclei attachment and crystal growth process of CaCO3 were analyzed by weight, sediment particle size and the percentage of coverage. The result of this study in corrosion immersion experiment shows the corrosion rate following the orders of 1560 > Duplex 2205  C-276 > Duplex 2507  Duplex 2594. The anti-corrosion ability were in order of C-276 > Duplex 2507 > Duplex 2205 > 1560 according to the SEM observation. The results of scaling deposit experiment, the polyurethane had the great anti-scaling effect in the coating part. However the coating samples could not resistance hydrothermal around 70-100℃. This study confirmed that the treatment surface could inhibit the crystal nuclei growth and coverage percentage, when surface roughness are effectively decreased. In the roughness experiments, the sample grinded by 1200 mesh has the smoothest surface for inhibit scaling which results in a very low coverage percentage maintained about 10%.

目次
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
圖次 vi
表次 viii
第一章、緒論 1
1-1前言 1
1-1-1地熱發展 1
1-2研究動機與目的 3
1-3 前人研究 3
1-3-1 地熱腐蝕研究 3
1-3-2 地熱結垢研究 6
第二章、原理 14
2-1腐蝕 14
2-1-1腐蝕原理 14
2-1-2腐蝕發生過程 15
2-1-4腐蝕測量 19
2-2次生結垢沉澱原理 22
2-2-1結晶機制 22
2-2-2結垢形成 23
2-2-3基材表面影響因子 24
第三章、研究方法與流程 25
3-1研究材料介紹 25
3-1-1實驗材料介紹 25
3-1-2實驗試液 30
3-2實驗方法與步驟 32
3-2-1實驗設備 32
3-2-2實驗分析儀器 35
3-2-4 實驗步驟 40
第四章、實驗結果 42
4-1 合金材料腐蝕浸漬實驗結果 42
4-1-1 重量分析結果 42
4-1-2 SEM影像分析結果 44
4-1-3 EDS分析結果 48
4-2 塗層次生礦物沉澱實驗結果 61
4-2-1 表面沉澱物型態 61
4-2-2重量分析結果 66
4-2-3 沉澱物粒徑結果 67
4-2-4 覆蓋率計算結果 68
4-3 粗糙度因子次生礦物沉澱實驗結果 69
4-3-1 表面型態 69
4-3-2重量分析結果 72
4-3-3 沉澱物粒徑結果 74
4-3-4 覆蓋率計算結果 76
4-4 接觸角測量 77
第五章、討論 78
5-1 合金材料腐蝕浸漬實驗 78
5-1-1 合金材料綜合比較 78
5-1-2 實驗溶液體積與表面積比影響 80
5-2 次生礦物沉澱實驗 82
5-2-1基材表面影響晶體沉澱綜合比較 82
5-2-2重量變化、覆蓋率與粒徑關係 84
5-2-3 基材表面粗糙度與次生礦物沉澱關係 85
5-2-4 沉澱物粒徑分佈 87
第六章、結論 91
第七章、參考文獻 92

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