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研究生:鄭雅勻
研究生(外文):Cheng, Ya-Yun
論文名稱:都市綠地景觀特徵與民眾健康之關聯性
論文名稱(外文):Relationships between Landscape Characteristics of Urban Green Space and Public Health
指導教授:葉佳宗葉佳宗引用關係
指導教授(外文):Yeh, Chia-Tsung
口試委員:張學聖吳振發葉佳宗
口試委員(外文):Chang, Hsueh-ShengWu, Chen-FaYeh, Chia-Tsung
口試日期:2018-06-28
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺北大學
系所名稱:都市計劃研究所
學門:建築及都市規劃學門
學類:都市規劃學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2018
畢業學年度:106
語文別:中文
論文頁數:112
中文關鍵詞:都市綠地民眾健康景觀特徵典型相關分析
外文關鍵詞:Urban Green SpacePublic HealthLandscape CharacteristicsCanonical Correlation Analysis
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都市綠地除具有生態系統服務、環境品質提升等功能,亦扮演提供民眾休閒遊憩、接觸自然的角色,並同時增加民眾身體活動機會,以不同的方式促進民眾健康福祉。隨著永續發展概念的普及,都市綠地成為都市規劃中重要的衡量指標之一,然而,過去研究多著重於每人平均綠地總面積、都市綠地面積比例等量化的計算,而較缺乏景觀格局和綠地品質的相關衡量指標。

為進一步了解都市綠地景觀特徵與民眾健康的相關性,本研究首先整理綠地景觀特徵的相關研究,並以綠地的數量、品質、空間格局和鄰近度四個面向作為研究分析基礎;另一方面,在了解都市綠地相關之疾病範疇後,利用衛生福利部全民健康保險研究資料庫之疾病就醫資料,釐清臺北都會區內心血管疾病、精神疾病及呼吸道疾病的空間分布。最後,本研究以行政區作為空間尺度,運用典型相關分析探討都市綠地與民眾健康的相關性,以及與疾病就醫比例較相關的都市綠地景觀特徵,藉以提出都市綠地空間規劃之改善對策及其應著重的考量因素。

根據分析結果顯示,臺北都會區行政區範圍內都市綠地景觀特徵與民眾健康具有顯著關聯性,在疾病就醫方面尤以呼吸道疾病相關性最高,精神疾病次之,最後則為心血管疾病,而在都市綠地景觀特徵方面,對模式一「研究範圍內所有都市綠地」而言,都市綠地形狀的複雜程度與疾病就醫比例呈負相關,而對模式二「道路環域500公尺內0.5公頃以上都市綠地」而言,住宅用地與都市綠地之「鄰近度」為最顯著相關之指標,平均距離與疾病就醫比例呈正相關,顯示民眾與一定規模以上綠地之距離是重要的,且在模式一和模式二之中,又以道路環域500公尺內0.5公頃以上都市綠地對於民眾健康之解釋能力較佳,凸顯出與都市綠地之距離、大小的重要性。
Urban green spaces promote public health and well-being in different ways. In addition to providing the functions of ecosystem services and improving environmental quality, urban green spaces play a role in encouraging people to do leisure and recreational activities, contacting with nature, and also increasing opportunities for physical activity, which are essential for the urban environment. With the concept of sustainable development spreading widely, urban green spaces have become one of the important indicators in urban planning. However, most research on urban green space has focused on the quantitative aspects, such as green spaces per capita and proportion of urban green spaces, lack of landscape patterns and the quality of green spaces.

In order to understand the correlations between landscape characteristics of urban green space and public health, this study firstly sorted out the studies on landscape characteristics of green spaces, and divideded them into four aspects, including the quantity, quality, spatial pattern and proximity of green spaces, as the basis for my research and analysis; on the other hand, after finding out the scope of diseases related to urban green space, this study used the outpatient data of the National Health Insurance Research Database of the Ministry of Health and Welfare to clarify the spatial distributions of cardiovascular diseases, mental diseases and respiratory diseases in the Taipei Metropolitan Area. Finally, based on the scale of districts, this study explored which diseases are related to urban green space and the definite landscape characteristics of urban green space related to diseases by canonical correlation analysis, so as to propose improvement measures and the factors that should be emphasized for urban green space planning.

According to the analysis results, the landscape characteristics of urban green space in the districts of Taipei Metropolitan Area are significantly related to the health of the people. Among three catagories of diseases, respiratory disease is most relevant to urban green spaces, followed by mental disease, and finally cardiovascular disease. In terms of landscape characteristics of urban green space, for Mode 1 representing all urban green spaces within the research area, the complex level of the shape of urban green space is negatively relevant to the disease rate.

As for Mode 2, regarding urban green spaces which are more than 0.5 hectares and within the buffer area of 500 meters around the roads, the “proximity” to urban green spaces is the most significant indicator. The average distance between the residential area to urban green space is positively related to the disease rate, indicating that the distance between residents and green spaces which are above a certain scale is important. Besides, between two mode as mentioned, urban green spaces which are more than 0.5 hectares and within the buffer area of 500 meters around the roads can explain better for the relationships with public health, highlighting the importance of the distance from the residential area to urban green space and its size.
目錄 I
圖目錄 III
表目錄 V

第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機 1
第二節 研究目的 2
第三節 研究範圍 3
第四節 研究流程 4

第二章 文獻回顧 7
第一節 都市綠地 7
第二節 都市綠地與民眾健康 15
第三節 都市綠地景觀特徵與民眾健康 21
第四節 小結 29

第三章 研究設計 31
第一節 研究架構與設計 31
第二節 分析指標與項目 44
第三節 研究分析方法 54

第四章 綠地特徵與疾病資料分析 59
第一節 臺北都會區都市綠地景觀特徵 59
第二節 臺北都會區疾病就醫空間分布 68

第五章 典型相關分析與結果討論 73
第一節 綠地與疾病之典型相關分析 73
第二節 研究結果討論 86

第六章 結論與建議 91
第一節 研究結論 91
第二節 研究限制 92
第三節 研究建議 93

參考文獻 95
附錄一 臺北都會區都市綠地景觀特徵變項彙整表(模式一) 107
附錄二 臺北都會區都市綠地景觀特徵變項彙整表(模式二) 109
附錄三 臺北都會區疾病就醫變項彙整表 111
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