臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文試圖以愛德華‧薩伊德的東方主義來探討莎士比亞《奧賽羅》當中奧賽羅的「東方他者」形象，並以此來同時揭示文藝復興時期西方歐洲對東方的霸權表現。好色、易怒、野蠻、殘忍及強烈復仇心成了西方人眼中的東方特質。第一章主要探究伊莉莎白時代的種族議題以及奧賽羅的「東方他者」形象是如何在莎士比亞的選材、場景設定和角色劇情安排上開始慢慢成形的。「黑白配」的故事主軸、不謀而合的性格及異國冒險的背景都讓奧賽羅朝著被疏遠的東方他者的方向前進。賽普勒斯島背後與威尼斯和奧圖曼土耳其帝國的關聯也牽動著奧賽羅的悲劇命運。「摩爾人」的角色設定及土耳其艦隊的「消失」既突顯了奧賽羅這個「東方他者」的形象，同時也削弱了來自東方的勢力。第二章主要分析《奧賽羅》中摩爾人是如何被伊阿古、勃拉班修及苔絲狄蒙娜當作「東方他者」的，以此來體現奧賽羅在威尼斯社會所遭遇到的異樣眼光。伊阿古「妖魔化他者」的做法不僅針對了奧賽羅的「黑」外表，也針對了他的性格。勃拉班修對種族雜婚的恐懼讓他開始對奧賽羅產生敵意，並以各種帶有蔑視意味的稱謂和巫術的施展來譴責他。苔絲狄蒙娜對奧賽羅文化背景的不熟悉剝奪了奧賽羅在威尼斯社會的最後一點可能性。第三章主要分析奧賽羅是如何在不知不覺中把東方他者的形象內化成自己的意識，也就是他潛意識中始終認為自己是一位「東方他者」。奧賽羅在經歷了對自己身分的自信和自我懷疑的階段後才慢慢地意識到自己的確是個「東方他者」。在了解自己的身分後，光榮復仇和自殺便成了他的最後決定。

This thesis attempts to explore Othello’s image of the “Oriental Other” in Shakespeare’s Othello with Edward Said’s Orientalism, and to reveal the hegemony of Western Europe over the East during the Renaissance. Lust, irritability, barbarism, cruelty and strong vengeance have become the Oriental characteristics in the eyes of Westerners. The first chapter mainly explores the racial issue in the Elizabethan era and how Othello’s image of the “Oriental Other” begins to take shape in Shakespeare’s selection of sources, setting of scenes and arrangement of roles and plot. The theme of “black-and-white intermarriage,” the similar temperament, and the exotic background make Othello move in the direction of the alienated Oriental Other. The connection among Cyprus, Venice and Ottoman Empire also affects the tragic fate of Othello. Besides, the role setting of the “Moor” and the “disappearance” of the Turkish fleet not only highlight Othello’s image of “Oriental Other,” but also weaken the forces from the East. The second chapter mainly analyses how the Moor in Othello is regarded as the “Oriental Other” by Iago, Brabantio and Desdemona, so as to reflect the unusual vision that Othello encounters in the Venetian society. Iago’s practice of “demonizing the Other” not only aims at Othello’s “black” appearance, but also at his temperament. Brabantio’s fear of miscegenation leads him to become hostile to Othello and to condemn him with all kinds of contemptuous appellations and witchcraft. Desdemona’s unfamiliarity with the cultural background of Othello deprives Othello of his last possibility to survive in the Venetian society. The third chapter mainly analyses how Othello unconsciously internalizes the image of “Oriental Other” into his own consciousness; that is, he always considers himself as an “Oriental Other” in his subconscious. Othello gradually realizes that he is indeed an “Oriental Other” after experiencing the stage of self-confidence and self-doubt about his identity. After knowing his identity, glorious revenge and suicide become his final decision.

Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………i
Chinese Abstract………………………………………………………………………ii
English Abstract………………………………………………………………………iii
Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………v
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………1
Chapter One: The Racial Issue and Shakespeare’s Writing of Othello…………11
Chapter Two: Othello as the “Oriental Other”…………………………………28
Chapter Three: Othello’s Unconscious Internalization of Being an “Oriental
Other”…………………………………………………………………………59
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………81
Works Cited…………………………………………………………………………85

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