臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來在醫學領域或生物領域中常使用斷層式數位全像系統(Tomography Digital Holographic Microscopy, TDHM)中取得細胞的三維資訊來進行觀測及分析。而取得細胞資訊的重建過程本研究所使用之系統大致分成四個步驟。第一步，先將細胞的截面資訊利用Fresnel公式得到重建面之相位資訊。第二步，執行人工的位移及相位的修正。第三步，細胞的截面資訊依據傅立葉衍射原理(Fourier diffraction theory)將在所有拍攝之角度的重建相位截面資訊轉換到頻率域上，並將其疊加及映射至三維細胞的頻率域上之Ewald’s sphere上的取樣點。最後一步。利用三維的反傅立葉轉換得到細胞的三維折射率(3D-refractive index)斷層分布圖。
在第一步到第二步時，會因為本系統旋轉的方式維細胞旋轉而導致細微的位移現象，因此第二步才需要使用人工的位移。而本研究將使用影像處理的方式找到細胞的邊緣，利用最小平方法找到細胞的橢圓擬合邊線，最後得到一個可視化的參數及圖形結果且能將細胞的偏移及對焦位置都移至一個預設的位置。

In recent years, three-dimensional information of cells has been obtained in the medical field or the biological field using the Tomography Digital Holographic Microscopy (TDHM) for observation and analysis. The process of reconstructing cellular information is roughly divided into four steps. In the first step, the phase information of the cell is obtained by using the Fresnel formula to obtain the phase information of the reconstructed surface. In the second step, manual displacement and phase correction are performed. In the third step, the cross-section information of the cells converts the reconstructed phase cross-section information of all shooting angles into the frequency domain according to the principle of Fourier diffraction, and superimposes and maps them to the Ewald's sphere sampling point in the frequency domain of the three-dimensional cells. In the final step, a three-dimensional inverse Fourier transform is used to obtain a three-dimensional refractive index tomogram of the cells.
In the first step to the second step, the cell rotation due to the rotation of the system causes a slight displacement phenomenon. Therefor the second step requires the use of manual displacement. This study will use image processing to find the edge of the cell and use the least squares method to find the elliptical fit edge of the cell. Finally, a visual parameter and graphical result can be used to move the cell's offset and focus position to a preset position.

致謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究動機 1
1.2研究目的 1
1.3論文架構 2
第二章 文獻探討 3
2.1系統背景 3
2.2影像處理原理 12
2.2.1 背景抑制 12
2.2.2 形態學 15
2.2.3 Anisotropic 濾波器 22
2.2.4 OTSU算法 24
2.2.5 Canny邊緣檢測 27
2.2.6 橢圓擬合(最小平方法) 30
第三章 模擬與實驗 33
3.1實驗流程 33
3.2實驗操作 36
3.3實驗結果 47
3.4數據分析 49
第四章 未來展望 55
第五章 結論 60
參考文獻 61

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