臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著世界棕櫚仁油的需求量增加，棕櫚仁油粕的產量也隨之增加。棕櫚仁油粕是農業加工後的廢棄物。在前人的研究中，嘗試著將棕櫚仁油粕做為高等動物的飼料，然而基於油粕富含纖維素，在使用上多所限制。在本研究中，我們嘗試著，透過黑水虻的引入，企圖開發更為有效率的方式處理棕櫚仁油粕。為了驗證棕櫚仁油粕的營養成分是否足以提供黑水虻的成長所需，以及是否有潛在影響黑水虻生長的物質存在。本實驗中我們以棕櫚仁油粕做為單一食物來源提供，觀察黑水虻在油粕中的存活數及成長狀況，以及了解黑水虻飼育過程當中的食物轉換率，同時以農畜飼料當中屬性相當的麥麩作為比較的基礎，並透過營養成分分析及脂肪酸組成分析，來了解黑水虻成品的營養組成。研究結果顯示，黑水虻足以完成完整的生命週期，顯示棕櫚仁油粕的營養組成足以勝任黑水虻的飼育工作，相較於麥麩飼育的對照組，棕櫚仁油粕飼養的黑水虻幼蟲會有重量及生長速度緩慢的情形發生。透過成分分析，以不同食料飼育後的黑水虻幼蟲，其幼蟲的營養成分占比呈現些微的差異，其中在脂肪酸的成分種類以及占比呈現較大的差距。另外，為了優化黑水虻飼養過程中可能的環境嫌惡狀態，嘗試著在食餌當中添加改善土壤的EM菌，惟實驗呈現意外的死亡率，詳細原因需要更進一步的調查。未來的研究中，希望透過調整飼料比例、幼蟲比例等條件來尋找棕櫚仁油粕飼養黑水虻的最佳條件。並探討利用棕櫚仁油粕飼養的黑水虻幼蟲是否具有商業價值。

Palm kernel cake (PKC) is a large amount of agricultural processing waste. In the previous studies, PKC was tried as a feed for higher animals. However, the animals except the ruminants can only acceptable for a limited amount in food because of the rich of cellulose. It is not efficient in the viewpoint of recirculation. In this study, black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (L.)) was introduced for the PKC consumption. In order to examine the possibility, we try to feed the larva of black soldier fly with PKC as the only food, and compare the growth efficiency with the groups feed with wheat bran. The black soldier fly can complete the life cycle with PKC as the only food resource, that means the nutrition component is sufficient, however, the growth rate might less than the group feed with wheat bran. By the comparative study of the nutrition component analysis of the larva feed with PKC or wheat bran only, slightly different was shown, especially in the type and the amount of fatty acid. In future research, it is hoped that by adjusting the ratio of feed and the proportion of larvae, we can find the best conditions for using black palm oil to raise black leeches. And to explore whether the black pupa larvae raised by palm kernel oil carp have commercial value.

目錄
圖目錄 iii
中文摘要 iv
英文摘要 v
第一章 前言 1
1.1 循環經濟 1
1.2 油棕 2
1.3 經濟昆蟲 4
1.4 黑水虻 5
1.5 EM菌 8
1.6 實驗目的 9
第二章 實驗材料與方法 10
2.1 實驗準備 10
2.2 實驗設計 12
2.3 實驗方法 13
2.3.1幼蟲的存活數及成長狀況 13
2.3.2飼料轉換率的測量及計算 13
2.4 實驗分析 17
2.4.1黑水虻幼蟲的存活數、成長狀況、飼料轉換率 17
2.4.2 黑水虻幼蟲的營養成分組成、脂肪酸組成 17
第三章 結果 19
3.1黑水虻幼蟲的存活數 19
3.2黑水虻幼蟲的成長狀況 23
3.3飼料轉換率 27
3.4營養成分分析 29
第四章 討論 33
4.1黑水虻幼蟲的存活數及成長狀況 33
4.2飼料轉換率 33
4.3幼蟲的營養成分及脂肪酸組成 34
第五章 結論 35
第六章 參考文獻 37
第七章 附錄 40
1.1經SGS台灣檢驗科技分析後利用麥麩飼養的幼蟲八大營養成分分析。 40
1.2經SGS台灣檢驗科技分析後利用麥麩飼養的幼蟲脂肪酸組成分析。 45
1.3經SGS台灣檢驗科技分析後利用油粕飼養的幼蟲八大營養成分分析。 49
1.4經SGS台灣檢驗科技分析後利用麥麩飼養的幼蟲脂肪酸組成分析。 54

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