板岩具緻密劈理片狀構造的弱面，隧道於板岩中開挖產生異向變形，且因解壓隧道會依時變形，因此板岩隧道必需考慮異向依時行為，才能更適當估計隧道開挖變位量。本論文藉FLAC軟體以遍布節理模式(UBI model ) 先考慮異向性變形行為，分析隧道變形支撐效果及隧道安全；其後因隧道依時行為明顯，故於FLAC軟體中結合Burger潛變黏塑性模式(CVISC model)，發展出UBI/BUR混合新模式，並藉反算分析取得分析模式所需之適當參數。新模式以台灣電力公司萬松工程隧道計測資料比對校核，結果顯示本研究之混合模式優於傳統模式，可作為類似隧道岩層異向依時變形行為之數值模擬分析，以利隧道設計施工回饋及營運安全。

Slate is a metamorphic rock with well developed sheeted texture called slaty cleavages. The ease of split along the cleavages weakens the slate and its resistance to weathering and erosion. For the tunnel excavation in slate formations, it is common to observe anisotropic deformation; in addition, the deformation caused by stress release also shows time-dependent behavior. Hence, Anisotropic and time-dependent behaviors must be taken into account to more properly estimate the deformation of tunnel excavation in slate formation. In this paper, the computer software FLAC was adopted for the analysis. Firstly, tunnel deformation was analyzed by numerical analysis to evaluate tunnel support effect and safety. The ubiquitous joint (UBI) model was adopted for the analysis of the anisotropic tunnel deformation. Secondly, the the Burger-creep viscoplastic (CVISC) model was coupled with the UBI model and is implemented for the analysis of the time-dependent anisotropic behavior of slate formations. Back calculations were performed to obtain relevant parameters of the new hybrid model. The new model was calibrated by the monitoring data from a slate tunnel excavation project, i.e., the Wanta-Sunglin Project in Taiwan Power Company, and then was applied for detailed analyses. The results indicate that the hybrid model developed in this study is better than the conventional models, and can be used for the simulation of tunnel excavation in similar anisotropic time-dependent slate formations.

摘要 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- i
Abstract ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ii
致謝 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- iii
目錄 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- iv
圖目錄 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ vi
表目錄 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- viii
符號說明 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ix
第一章 緒論 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.1研究背景及動機 --------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.2研究目的 --------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.3研究流程及預期成果 ----------------------------------------------------- 2
第二章 文獻回顧 ------------------------------------------------------------- 4
2.1岩石隧道異向性相關研究 -------------------------------------------- 4
2.2岩石隧道依時變形相關研究 -------------------------------------- 7
第三章 板岩隧道工程案例 ---------------------------------------------- 11
3.1 萬松水力發電工程 -------------------------------------------------11
3.2 新武界引水隧道工程 -------------------------------------------------13
3.3萬松工程隧道開挖變形數值分析 ---------------------------15
3.4小結 --------------------------------------------------------------------17
第四章 研究方法 -----------------------------------------------------------------32
4.1 FLAC分析軟體簡述 -------------------------------------------------32
4.2 UBI模式及CVISC模式 -------------------------------------------34
4.3 UBI/CVISC複合模式及計算流程 ------------------------------------37
4.4 分析條件 ------------------------------------------------------------------38
第五章 板岩隧道計測分析--------------------------------------------44
5.1. 施工計測斷面設置-------------------------------------------------------44
5.2計測分析斷面選定----------------------------------------------44
5.3 計測結果-------------------------------------------------------44
5.4 計測討論 ------------------------------------------------------45
5.5 小結 ----------------------------------------------------------46
第六章 板岩隧道異向依時行為數值分析 ----------------------------55
6.1異向依時行為數值分析 ---------------------------------------55
6.2 分析網格及邊界條件 ---------------------------------------55
6.3 分析參數 ----------------------------------------------------56
6.4 UBI及CVISC反算分析 -------------------------------------------57
6.5 分析結果 ------------------------------------------------------------58
6.6 討論 ---------------------------------------------------------------60
6.7小結 ---------------------------------------------------------------61
第七章結論與建議 ----------------------------------------------76
7.1結論 -----------------------------------------------------------------76
7.2建議 ------------------------------------------------------------------76
參考文獻 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------78

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