臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著工作型態以及飲食改變、工作模式以及生活習慣養成不良且危害身體的姿勢加上現代人缺乏運動，使得退化性關節炎患病年齡的提前。正確使用關節的狀況下，即使年紀增長也不會退化。使用正確的方式養護和保健關節是到中老年時擁有高行動力的關鍵因素之一，而改善下肢血液循環調節能夠提升行動力。目前對於改善退化性膝關節之研究及設計大多以微創手術或關節置換手術為大宗以及延緩病症等消極治療方式，亦無考量整體退化因素之生理機制及關聯性，提前預防是避免關節退化的不二法則。
本研究以提升膝蓋周圍局部血液循環為主要構想，基於對退化性關節炎之文獻探討以及實際觀察患者情況找出設計參數，產出能提升下肢行動力品質之創新穿戴式設計。提出創新穿戴式裝置之設計準則，透過分析退化關節炎患病機制原理、影響膝關節活動之肌肉和骨骼分佈、大腿血液通量原理、刺激血液循環機制等，來找出刺激提升局部血液通量之設計參數。設計由焦點族群法根據穩定關節之力學機制與增加血液循環機制的原理來構想歸納出創新設計。與現有裝置以及文獻歸納之機制比較過後，找出創新刺激方式，最終設計出結合氣囊充氣加壓血管以及點狀振動刺激之大腿穿戴式裝置。以超音波血流計和紅外線溫度計進行客觀評估之數據，並利用主觀量表針對裝置之刺激功能的主觀感受來分析設計。
血液循環透過測量局部血液通量及體表溫度之數據進行分析後，發現此創新設計在增加局部血液循環與增加體表溫度都有顯著的表現。透過前後測數據進行分析比較，平均血流量和血流速度都達顯著。主觀感受部分也對刺激方式的舒適程度有中上的表現。透過穿戴結合氣囊與震動刺激之裝置，可增加穿戴部位周圍之血液循環，進而提升關節活動力。

In this study, an innovative assisting device is proposed to respond to Osteoarthritis (OA) prevention needs of an aging society. Due to the modern lifestyle, people lack exercise and obesity problem. The risk of Osteoarthritis is increase recently. OA usually occurs in the bearing joints. Joint pain often worsens when more active and eases when resting. Resolving pain and stiffness brings convenience to life and improves body functions to OA patients is essential studies. Most research focuses on analyzing the effect of formal medical treatment. However, there is specific guidance on developing the daily prevention device.
This study explores the impact of the physiological circulation of knee osteoarthritis. Focus on finding the relationship between blood circulation and OA and using an expert interview and naturalistic observation methods to develop the criteria of the design mechanism. Based on the mechanism of enhancing the blood flow, using the focus group method to provide the innovative design criteria. The final design which can effectively stimulate the local blood circulation, wearable device combined the inflatable airbag to press the blood vessel and the vibration to activate the peripheral nerves. Blood circulation can improve the lower limb's mobility.
The paired sample t-test compared to the data collected by ultrasonic blood flow detector and infrared thermometer. The findings suggest that the stimulation provides by inflatable airbag and vibration significant impact the local blood circulation on the lower limb.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS III
TABLE OF CONTENTS IV
LIST OF TABLES VI
LIST OF FIGURES VII
LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS VIII
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Motivation 5
1.3 Purpose 5
1.4 Research Scope 7
1.5 Framework of Research 8
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 10
2.1 The Factors Influence the Performance of Knee OA 10
2.1.1 The relationship between the musculoskeletal system and knee joint mobility 10
2.2 The Influence of Cardiovascular System 12
2.2.1 The role of the vein in vascular system 14
2.2.2 The blood variation during knee OA 16
2.3 Related Work 17
2.3.1 The existing treatment of OA 17
2.3.2 The design of increasing blood circulation 18
CHAPTER 3 METHODS 19
3.1 Naturalistic Observation 19
3.2 Interview 20
3.2.1 The interview of expert 20
3.2.2 The interview of older people 21
3.3 Focus Group 21
3.4 Experiment 22
3.4.1 Experiment system 22
3.4.2 Participants 24
3.4.3 Experiment equipment 24
3.4.4 Experiment procedure 25
3.4.5 Questionnaire 27
CHAPTER 4 RESULTS 29
4.1 Preliminary Investigation 29
4.1.1 Interview result 30
4.2 Development of Design Criteria 30
4.2.1 Focus group result 32
4.3 The Design of the Wearable Device 34
4.3.1 Purpose of design 34
4.3.2 Modeling 34
4.3.3 Operation of device 37
4.4 Result of Experiment 38
4.4.1 The pre-test of experiment 38
4.4.2 Experiment 40
CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 43
5.1 Review of Research Findings 43
5.1.1 Previous research for the concept 43
5.1.2 Development of the design 44
5.1.3 Arrangement of experiment 44
5.2 Limitation of the Study 45
5.3 Future Development and Contribution 45
5.4 Conclusion 46
REFERENCES 48
Appendix A FOCUS GROUP SKETCH FROM 1 54
Appendix B FOCUS GROUP SKETCH FROM 2 55
Appendix C FOCUS GROUP SKETCH FROM 3 56
Appendix D THE BOOD FLOW DATA: PRE-TEST 57
Appendix E THE BOOD FLOW DATA: FORMAL TEST 58

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