臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於傳統住屋蓄熱、耗能等缺點，國內「美莊股份有限公司」利用空心磚隔熱、隔音等多項優勢，開發出一種新式結構系統，採鋼骨構架搭配部分填漿之加筋混凝土空心磚牆。由於此種結構系統在國內尚無先例，因此有必要進行結構試驗，以了解其承受水平載重之受力行為，同時探討開口對混凝土空心磚牆及構架受力行為之影響。
本研究採用美莊公司外牆工法，將混凝土空心磚牆包覆於鋼骨構架外，並以磚牆有無開口為變因，設計足尺單層單跨無開口及開窗試體各一座，進行位移控制之面內往復側推試驗。側推過程中施加模擬靜載重之固定軸壓力，並控制頂梁維持水平以模擬剪力屋架行為。為瞭解材料力學特性，取樣磚牆及鋼構架等主要材料進行試驗，包含空心磚塊、磚墩、砂漿之抗壓試驗與灰縫抗剪試驗，以及鋼筋及鋼材抗拉試驗。
試驗結果顯示，磚牆於變位角極小時即受力貢獻側向強度，但出現正反向對角裂縫後隨即嚴重破壞，使磚牆出現橫貫全牆長之水平剝落帶，並因磚塊持續掉落而形成帶狀空洞。鋼構架則因柱牆接合介面破壞而與磚牆逐漸分離，雖使構架本身於試驗後期發揮原有之強度與韌性，但牆體剝落帶上下殘留牆段仍對構架變形造成若干束制，使鋼柱發生降伏及挫屈之臨界斷面位置由上下端往內移動至柱身。而開口的存在造成磚牆受力集中於開口兩側剩餘牆段，開窗試體之初期破壞由開口四角開始往周邊蔓延，牆體破壞時亦不像無開口試體在牆體上部出現橫貫的水平剝落帶，而是於開口兩側牆段破壞形成空洞後將磚牆切成約略對稱之上下兩半，開窗試體之整體不規則扭轉情況亦因開口之存在而較為顯著。
本文根據ASCE 41-13檢驗此結構系統之耐震性能，發現試體磚牆於小變位角時即達到極限破壞，並未符合非結構磚隔間牆於變位角0.5%時尚能維持日常機能之層間變位角基準，此乃構架與磚牆接合過於緊密所致。因此，建議將柱牆分離以延遲磚牆承受水平側力時機，同時確保鋼骨構架在充分發揮耐震性能前不受磚牆束制。

The objectives of this research are to understand the seismic performance of hollow concrete brick panels attached to steel frames and to review the current construction methods. To accomplish these, two specimens with and without a central opening were subjected to in-plane reversed cyclic displacements and constant vertical loading.
The results shown that the panel endured lateral forces at a small drift ratio, contributing strength to the specimen. After diagonal cracks were formed, brick spalling started to occur and the interfaces between columns and the panel completely cracked open. When the steel frame started to detach from the panel, it began to developed its strength and ductility. Moreover, the upper and lower halves of the cavity still caused the yielding place of the columns to transfer from ends to the body. Because of the close connection between the columns and the panel, both panels failed at a small drift ratio 0.2%, which does not meets the nonstructural performance criterion in ASCE 41-13.

表目錄IV
圖目錄V
第一章　緒論
1.1　研究動機與目的1-1
1.2　文獻回顧1-2
1.2.1　鋼骨構架內填磚牆相關文獻1-2
1.2.2　部分填漿加筋混凝土空心磚牆相關文獻1-4
1.2.3　空心磚疊砌構造相關文獻1-8
1.3　研究方法1-9
1.4　章節概述1-9
第二章　試驗介紹
2.1　試體設計與試驗規劃2-1
2.1.1　試體原型2-1
2.1.2　試體設計2-2
2.1.2　試驗裝置與加載歷程2-14
2.1.3　量測儀器規劃2-21
2.2　試體施工過程2-31
2.3　材料性質2-37
2.3.1　空心磚塊抗壓試驗2-38
2.3.2　空心磚墩抗壓試驗2-39
2.3.3　砂漿抗壓試驗2-41
2.3.4　灰縫抗剪試驗2-44
2.3.5　混凝土圓柱抗壓試驗2-46
2.3.6　鋼筋抗拉試驗2-47
2.3.7　鋼材抗拉試驗2-48
第三章　試驗結果與破壞歷程
3.1　試驗流程與加載歷程3-1
3.2　試驗結果3-9
3.2.1　試體破壞歷程3-9
3.2.2　試體破壞與受力關係3-40
3.2.3　試體受力破壞模式歸納3-44
第四章　量測儀器分析結果與討論
4.1　試體受力變形模式4-1
4.1.1　鋼骨構架變形模式4-1
4.1.2　磚牆變形模式4-17
4.2　鋼構架與牆筋應變4-28
4.3　小結4-48
第五章　結論與建議
5.1　結論5-1
5.2　建議5-2
參考文獻 參-1
附錄A　試體ES各階段裂縫圖與破壞照片A-1
附錄B　試體EW各階段裂縫圖與破壞照片B-1
附錄C　各試體鋼骨應變與側位移關係圖C-1
附錄D　各試體牆筋應變與側位移關係圖D-1
附錄E　各試體角度計數據修正前後比較圖E-1

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