臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於全球暖化劇烈與環保意識抬頭，世界積極提倡電動載具作為交通運輸之工具，藉此達到節能減碳之目的。動力馬達的效率與電池會影響整體的續航力與系統效率，而動力馬達發展趨勢已從高強健性之感應電機改為高效率與高轉矩密度之永磁同步電機。其中內藏型永磁同步電機利用適當的弱磁控制，使每安培之轉矩可極大化，即可降低電池的放電深度，藉此提高效率與電池可用能量之比例。電動車的動力範圍非常寬廣，因此若能在相同的儲能系統中，降低放電深度即可提高續航里程。本文提出儲能系統變速箱模型將調控電池模組的連接狀態，並根據電機動力需求，調控電機動力範圍，並利用弱磁控制達到最大轉矩每安培之特性，並且降低電壓需求，即可將能耗與放電深度改善。最後利用歐規之能耗測試迴圈進行驗證，其結果放電深度與能量消耗皆有顯著的改善，並且兼具能耗測試迴圈所需之動力範圍。

Electric motor, traction inverter and energy storage system are the major components of an electric vehicle (EV), which will rely on battery to power. The Li-ion battery is a popular choice for EVs, and improvement of energy efficiency means the vehicle can achieve higher mileage. This study presents a novel energy management strategy which aims to control the energy storage system in a safe way with respect to lifespan and stability. A switching control strategy of the battery packs, namely the energy storage transmission model (ESTM), is proposed to achieve the function looks like a mechanical gearbox but in an electronic way. The switching system of ESTM can smoothly control the vehicle speed via the field-oriented control on the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor. Based on the maximum torque per ampere principle, the proposed system can provide higher torque with lower energy consumption. The experimental results obtained from the proposed approach show that the averaged C-rate and energy consumption can be improved by 43% and 38% respectively than that of the conventional counterparts.

中文摘要.II
目錄....XII
表目錄..XV
圖目錄..XV
符號表..XIX
第一章 緒論..... 1
1. 1 研究背景... 1
1. 2 文獻回顧... 5
1.2.1電機繞組結構與接線變速方法........5
1.2.2雙電機動力耦合變速策略...6
1.2.3電源系統調控變速策略與能量管理策略........8
1.3 研究目的......10
1. 4 論文章節概要........10
第二章 永磁同步電機模型與向量控制理論..... 12
2. 1 電動車用電機之簡介...12
2. 2 永磁同步馬達數學模型........14
2.2.1三相永磁同步馬達數學模型..14
2.2.2同步旋轉軸之永磁同步馬達電壓方程式推導......15
2.2.3永磁同步電機能量轉換、轉矩公式推導........18
2.3磁場導向控制..19
2.3.1電流控制器設計.........20
2.3.2速度迴路控制器設計.....22
2.3.3空間向量脈寬調變.......23
第三章 永磁同步電機之最大轉矩每安培原理... 25
3. 1 永磁轉矩、磁阻轉矩原理...... 25
3. 2 最大轉矩每安培之永磁同步電機特性分析..26
3.2.1最大轉矩每安培之推導....26
3.2.2最大轉矩每安培之電機特性分析......28
3. 3 最大轉矩每安培之電流調控策略..31
第四章 儲能變速箱模型原理 33
4. 1 鋰離子電池之模型與能量使用率分析.....33
4. 2 儲能變速箱模型拓譜架構、控制策略..35
4.3.1 儲能變速箱模型拓譜架構原理.......35
4.3.2 儲能變速箱模型控制策略...37
第五章 HIL實驗驗證、實測分析、結論與建議.. 40
5.1 控制卡簡介與韌體驗證平台.....41
5.1.1 控制卡簡介..41
5.1.2韌體驗證平台(HIL)...41
5. 2 MTPA、ESTM控制驗證..42
5. 3能耗測試迴圈驗證(NEDC).....46
5.3.1市區操作迴圈動態模擬與分析.....47
5.3.2高速巡航操作迴圈動態模擬與分析....48
5.3.3節能效益與放電深度綜合討論........49
5. 4 結論與建議..50
參考文獻..50

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