臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

緒論：諸多研究已指出早產孩童對執行功能有著負面影響。值得注意的是，近期研究已發現急性健身運動可提升一般孩童執行功能表現；不僅如此，該正面效益甚至可延伸至特殊族群。然而，過去研究多聚焦於有氧健身運動，而對於阻力健身運動型態則較少探究。因此，為建立改善早產族群認知功能之健身運動處方，本文目的旨在比較不同急性健身運動型態在早產孩童執行功能之差異。方法：本研究共招募30位早產孩童，以平衡次序方式進行有氧健身運動、阻力健身運動，及控制等情境。於每種情境後進行倫敦塔作業 (Tower of London test, TOL) 與Stroop作業 (Stroop test) 進行施測，該兩種作業分別所屬計畫 (planning) 與抑制 (inhibition) 相關執行功能。結果：有氧或阻力健身運動型態皆能增進早產孩童TOL作業之總移動次數、總執行時間，及總問題解決時間。另外，兩種健身運動型態亦可降低早產孩童的Stroop作業之所有情境（同質、中性、及異質）的反應時間。結論：該結果意味著急性健身運動對早產孩童之抑制與計畫相關執行功能皆有其正面效益。本文為首篇探討不同急性健身運動型態對早產孩童執行功能之影響，研究結果提供改善早產孩童執行功能之最適健身運動型態，期望研究結果可作為日後實務方案之參考。

Introduction: Several studies have evidenced the negative impact on cognitions in children with preterm birth. Notably, current studies have found acute exercise can facilitate cognitions, especially executive function; Also, the positive effects extend to special population. However, previous studies mostly focused on aerobic exercise, but resistance exercise have less discussed. For conducting exercise prescription of improving cognition, the present study further compared the effect of different exercise modes on executive function in children with preterm birth. Method: the research recruited 30 child participants with preterm birth and they separately performed three experimental conditions (aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and control) with counterbalanced design. After each condition, two executive function tasks, including Tower of London task [TOL] and Stroop task, were examined. Results: The results showed that children in aerobic and resistance exercise condition facilitate TOL performance, such as lesser total move score, shorter total executive time, and shorter problem solving time, compared to control condition. Similarly, two exercise conditions also showed shorter reaction time in Stroop task. Conclusion: we concluded that acute exercise has positive effect on inhibitory and planning aspect of executive function. There are no studies to examine directly on the impact of acute exercise on cognition in children with preterm birth. Thus, the results of present study will help future scholars to obtain a more complete research profile. In addition, the finding provides the optimal exercise prescription for improving the executive function in children with preterm birth, therefore, it is expected that the results can be used as a reference for future practical implication.

目錄


簽名頁…………………………………………………………………………….……I
致謝…………………………………………………………………………………....II
目錄………………………..………………………………………………………….IV
表目錄………………………………..………………………………………….........VI
中文摘要…………………………………………...………………………...….......VII
英文摘要………………………………………………...…………………...…......VIII
第壹章、緒論………………………………...……………………..........................1
第貳章、文獻探討…………………………………………...................................4
第一節、早產兒盛行率............................................................................. ...............4
第二節、早產兒與其衍生的生理與心理發展問題.................................................4
第三節、早產兒與認知功能之關聯…………….....................................................5
第四節、早產兒與大腦之關聯…………….............................................................6
第五節、執行功能與學業表現之關聯…………….................................................7
第六節、急性健身運動與執行功能之相關研究.....................................................8
第七節、急性健身運動與執行功能之相關研究：特殊族群...............................11
第八節、不同健身運動型態與認知功能之相關研究...........................................12
第九節、研究目的……………...............................................................................13
第十節、研究假設……………...............................................................................13
第十一節、研究重要性………...............................................................................14
第參章、方法………………………………………...............................................15
第一節、研究對象…………………………………...............................................15
第二節、研究工具與問卷…………………………...............................................15
第三節、身體適能評估…………………………...................................................17
第四節、執行功能作業…………………………...................................................18
第五節、情境介入流程與強度監控…………………………...............................19
第六節、實驗流程…………………………...........................................................20
第七節、資料處理…………………………...........................................................21
第肆章、結果………………………………………...............................................23
第一節、參與者基本資料…………………………...............................................23
第二節、參與者之身體適能數據…………………...............................................25
第三節、心跳率與RPE之數據………………….................................................27
第四節、TOL作業表現…………………………..................................................31
第五節、數值Stroop作業表現…………………..................................................34
第伍章、討論…………………...............................................................................33
第一節、TOL作業…………………......................................................................34
第二節、Stroop作業…………………...................................................................35
第三節、不同健身運動型態之比較…...................................................................38
第四節、急性健身運動對特殊族群的認知功能之影響.......................................39
第五節、急性健身運動與增進執行功能之相關機制...........................................40
第六節、研究限制...................................................................................................42
第七節、結論...........................................................................................................42
第陸章、參考文獻.................................................................................................44
 
表目錄

表一 參與者基本資料（平均數與標準差）.............................................................24
表二 參與者之身體適能數據（平均數與標準差）...................................................26
表三 心跳率與RPE之數據（平均數與標準差）.....................................................28
表四 TOL作業表現（平均數與標準差）................................................................30
表五 數值Stroop作業表現........................................................................................32

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