臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要

地下水為濁水溪沖積扇最重要的水資源之一，且廣泛供應於灌溉農業和養殖漁業等需求。由相關水質監測資料顯示，部分地區地下水明顯已受污染，因此制訂完善的地下水質保護計畫是必要工作。地表上的污染物隨著水的流動入滲到未飽和土壤中，最終到達淺層含水層，因此，淺層含水層水質易受到土地利用的影響。本研究的目的為探討濁水溪沖積扇土地利用與地下水質的關係，應用因子分析分析14項地下水水質參數、井附近9項土地利用的面積百分比以及4項地質材料。結果顯示，六個因子可以解釋總量的70.35％。砷及水利用地和細質沉積物有顯著的關係；大腸桿菌與畜牧和水產養殖有關；旱地作物區域與硝酸鹽有關。根據因子得分圖可以優先考慮相對高污染潛在的區域，評估當前的土地利用的作法或採取新措施以更好地預防或控制潛在的污染源。

Abstract

The Choushui River Alluvial Fan is situated on the western Taiwan. Groundwater is one of the most important sources of water resources in the Choushui River Alluvial Fan and is widely used for irrigation and aquaculture because of its abundant supply. However, a long-term survey of groundwater quality in the Choushui River Alluvial Fan area has revealed obvious contamination of the groundwater in some areas, with measured concentrations of some quality parameters in excess of the acceptable levels regulated by the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration. Establishing a sound plan for groundwater quality protection in the Choushui River Alluvial Fan area is imperatively important. Therefore, efforts for monitoring groundwater quality are required as part of the critical steps to protect groundwater quality but are expensive and time consuming. The connection between shallow aquifer and the landscape above it supports the premise that groundwater quality may be affected by the overlying land uses, thus investigation on the relationship between land use and the groundwater quality is gaining increasing attention. The objective of this study targets to characterize the relationship of land use on groundwater quality in the Choushui River Alluvial Fan area by applying the factor analysis to analyze 14 groundwater quality parameters, 9 area percentage for different land use categories in the neighborhood of the wells and the length of 4 types different geological material in the unsaturated zone. The results suggest that a six-factor model can explain 70.35% of the total variance and three factors among six factors model involve the different land uses while other parameters are attributed by natural processes. The arsenic concentration shows significant linkage to water conservation of land use and fine sediment of the unsaturated zone. E. coli pollution is associated with livestock and aquaculture. Nitrate pollution is found in the area of dryland crops. Maps of factor score are also demarcated to describe the areas that more vulnerable to contamination from land use, prioritize the areas where more intensive monitoring might be needed, evaluate current land use practice or adopt new measures to better prevent or control the potential pollution sources.
 

Table of Contents

Abstract ………………………………………………………………………….. i
摘要……………………………………………………………………………… iii
Acknowledgement ……………………………………………………………….. iv
Table of Contents ………………………………………………………………… v
List of Figures …………………………………………………………………… vii
List of Tables ……………………………………………………………………. ix
Chapter 1. Introduction ……………………………………………………….. 1
1.1. Motivation …………………………………………………………………... 1
1.2. Literature Review …………………………………………………………… 5
1.3. Research Objectives ………………………………………………………… 9
Chapter 2: Materials and Methods…………………………………………… 10
2.1 Study Area…………………………………………………………………… 10
2.2 Data Processing ……………………………………………………………... 16
2.2.1 Groundwater quality in the Choushui River Alluvial Fan ……………. 16
2.2.2 Land use categories around groundwater monitoring wells ………….. 17
2.2.3 Types of geological materials in the unsaturated zone ……………….. 18
2.3 Factor Analysis ……………………………………………………………… 27
Chapter 3: Result and Discussion …………………………………………….. 31
3.1 Descriptive Statistics for Groundwater Quality …………………………….. 31
3.2 Result of Factor Analysis …………………………………………………… 33
3.3 Assessment of Contribution by Factor Analysis ……………………………. 39
Chapter 4: Conclusion …………………………………………………………. 59
4.1 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………… 59
4.2 Recommendation …………………………………………………………….. 60
References ………………………………………………………………………. 61

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