CH3NH3PbI3鈣鈦礦薄膜太陽能電池的光電轉換效率已達到 24.2%，全球的科學家正透過材料改質來改善此類太陽能電池的穩定性問題，在這個論文，我們選擇雙鈣鈦礦薄膜做為元件的主動層，並分析光鈣鈦礦薄膜的表面、結構、光學與激發態特性。本論文採用的太陽能電池架構為：Ag/PCBM/MAxCs1-xPb(IxBr1-x)3/ PEDOT:PSS/ITO/glass。Ag為陰極、ITO(氧化銦錫)為陽極; phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)是電子傳輸層與poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)是電洞傳輸層; MAxCs1-xPb(IxBr1-x)3則是元件的吸光層。
以MA0.8Cs0.2Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3雙鈣鈦礦薄膜做為太陽能電池的吸光層，能獲得最高的功率轉換效率與相對穩定的太陽能電池。透過製程條件的優化，獲得的最高的功率轉換效率（power conversion efficiency，PCE）為9.71％，此元件的短路電流密度（short-circuit current density, JSC）為15.7 mA / cm2、開路電壓（open-circuit voltage, VOC）為1.01 V和填充係數（fill factor, FF）為59.75％。
經過120天的穩定性量測後，MA0.8Cs0.2Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3薄膜太陽能電池的PCE降幅為42.21%；MAPbI3薄膜太陽能電池的PCE降幅為53.91%。代表MA0.8Cs0.2Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3薄膜太陽能電池較為穩定。

The highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) record of CH3NH3PbI3 based thin-film solar cells is up to 24.2%. In order to improve the device stability of the perovskite solar cell , researchers are engaged to modify the light absorbing material (LAM), electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL). In this research, the double perovskite thin films were applied to the LAM. The structural, surface, optical and excitonic properties of double perovskite thin films were investigated to understand the device physics. The device structure is Ag/PCBM/perovskite/PEDOT:PSS/ITO/glass. Ag and ITO are used as the cathode and anode, respectively. PCBM and PEDOT:PSS are used as the ETL and HTL, respectively. MAxCs1-xPb(IxBr1-x)3 double perovskite thin film is used as the LAM.
When the MA0.8Cs0.2Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3 thin film was used as the LAM, the best PCE of 9.71% can be obtained, which corresponded to the short-circuit current density of 15.7 mA/cm2, the open-circuit voltage of 1.01 V and the fill factor of 59.75%. After 120 days of stability measurement, the PCE of the MA0.8Cs0.2Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3 thin film solar cell decreased by 42.21% ; the PCE of the MAPbI3 thin film solar cell decreased by 53.91% ,so MA0.8Cs0.2Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3 thin film solar cell is relatively stable.

摘要………..…….………..……….………..………………………….. i
圖目錄..……….………..………………………..…………….……...vii
表目錄.……….………..………………………..…………………….. xi
第一章 緒論………..…….………..……….………..……………..1
1.1前言………..…….………..…….……………….………..…….1
1.2太陽能電池發展和分類 ………..……………………………...3
1.2.1矽基晶片型太陽能電池 ………..…….……………..…….5
1.2.2矽薄膜型太陽能電池………..…………….………..…….6
1.2.3有機太陽能電池………..…………..…….………..……...7
1.2.3.1染料敏化太陽能電池………..…….…………..……..7
1.2.3.2小分子有機太陽能電池………..…….………..…….8
1.2.3.3高分子有機太陽能電池………..……..………..……9
1.3研究動機………..……...……..…………..……………..……12
第二章 鈣鈦礦薄膜太陽能電池介紹和文獻回顧….…….14
2.1鈣鈦礦結構起源………..……...………..…….….……..……14
2.2影響鈣鈦礦成膜的因素 ………..……...………..……....…...17
2.3鈣鈦礦薄膜太陽能電池工作原理….………..……….…...…20
2.4能隙調整….………..…………………………………....……23
2.5鈣鈦礦薄膜太陽能電池的可靠性……………….....……......26
第三章 實驗方法……….……..……………..…………..…….30
3.1實驗儀器………..…….………..………….…………...…….30
3.1.1手套箱 ………..………..……………..…………..…….30
3.1.2熱蒸鍍鍍膜系統………..…….………..…..……..…….30
3.2量測儀器………..……………..…….……..…...……..……..31
3.2.1太陽光模擬器………..……………..…..………...…….31
3.2.2光激發螢光光譜儀…………………..…………..……..32
3.2.3寬頻光譜儀………..………...…………………...……..33
3.2.4 X光繞射儀………..……..………..……………..……..34
3.2.5掃描式電子顯微鏡………………..……………..……..35
3.2.6太陽能電池外部量子效率量測系.…….………..…….36
3.2.7水滴接觸角………..………...………..…………..…….37
3.3實驗藥品與溶液配置..……………..……………….....…….38
3.3.1實驗藥品………..…..…..………..…………..………….38
3.3.2溶液配置………..…………..…….……...………..…….39
3.4鈣鈦礦薄膜太陽能電池標準片製程流程……….………..…40
3.4.1 ITO蝕刻玻璃清洗………..….………..…………..…….41
3.4.2 UV-Ozone Cleaner………..……………..……………..41
3.4.3旋塗電洞傳輸層(PEDOT:PSS)及熱退火處理………….42
3.4.4旋塗主動層(鈣鈦礦)及熱退火處理…...…..……..…….43
3.4.5旋塗電子傳輸層(PCBM)及靜置處理………..…...…..….44
3.4.6刮出電極………..……………..……………….…..…….44
3.4.7蒸鍍銀電極………..……………...………..…………….44
第四章 鈣鈦礦薄膜太陽能電池製作和結果分析………..….45
4.1不同x比例(MAxCs(1-x)Pb(IxBr(1-x))3)分析…………....….….45
4.1.1不同x比例(MAxCs(1-x)Pb(IxBr(1-x))3)之模面樣貌...........45
4.1.2不同x比例(MAxCs(1-x)Pb(IxBr(1-x))3)之薄膜厚度...…....45
4.1.3不同x比例(MAxCs(1-x)Pb(IxBr(1-x))3)之SEM分析.........46
4.1.4不同x比例(MAxCs(1-x)Pb(IxBr(1-x))3)之XRD分析.........48
4.1.5不同x比例(MAxCs(1-x)Pb(IxBr(1-x))3)之光吸收譜分析...52
4.1.6不同x比例(MAxCs(1-x)Pb(IxBr(1-x))3)之PL分析............55
4.1.7不同x比例(MAxCs(1-x)Pb(IxBr(1-x))3)之J-Vcurve分析..57
4.2 MAPbI3太陽能電池之不同反溶劑(碘苯與甲苯)分析...........60
4.2.1 MAPbI3薄膜之膜面樣貌………...………..…..…...…….60
4.2.2 MAPbI3薄膜之厚度、SEM、水滴接觸角量測分析.......60
4.2.3 MAPbI3薄膜之XRD、吸收光譜、PL量測分析............61
4.2.4 MAPbI3太陽能電池之J-Vcurve…….…………….…….64
4.3 MA0.8Cs0.2Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3薄膜太陽能電池之優化過程……….66
4.3.1 (MA0.8Cs0.2Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3薄膜之J-V curve分析……...….66
4.3.2 (MA0.8Cs0.2Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3薄膜之膜面樣貌…….………….67
4.3.3 MA0.8Cs0.2Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3薄膜之厚度…………...………...68
4.3.4 MA0.8Cs0.2Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3薄膜之水接觸角分析...……...….69
4.3.5 MA0.8Cs0.2Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3薄膜之SEM分析...………..…....70
4.3.6 MA0.8Cs0.2Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3薄膜之XRD分析...…….……….72
4.3.7 MAPbI3與MA0.8Cs0.2Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3之IPCE分析(甲苯) ..74
4.4元件穩定性量測分析………..…….…………..….…….…….75
4.4.1元件穩定性量測分析(碘苯)………..….………….…….75
4.4.2元件穩定性量測分析(甲苯)……………………....…….78
第五章結論………..…….………..……………..……………..….….81
參考文獻………..…….…….……..……………..……………..…….84

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