臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文的目的為建立一種新式的太陽能分波系統，其概念為利用繞射光學元件(Diffractive Optical Elements, DOE)中的閃耀光柵元件(Blazed Grating)設計一個完整的分波系統，將太陽光分離成兩個波段:可見光波段(380-780nm)與紅外光波段(780-2520nm)。
本研究將製作一個7 units的太陽光分波系統，藉由設計閃耀光柵的表面結構使+1階與0階繞射光分別在可見光波段與紅外光波段有良好的繞射效率進行分波，並配合透鏡的聚光特性與波導的V溝結構使+1階與0階繞射光分別經由全內反射至波導兩側，用以達成分離可見光與紅外光的目標。分離出的可見光可應用在太陽能照明系統或矽太陽能電池，而分離出的紅外光則可應用在熱電裝置或鍺(Ge)太陽能電池，因此若能結合此分波系統與其他太陽能系統，便能形成混合式太陽能系統，使太陽光所有頻譜的能量都盡可能被利用和轉換，藉此提升太陽能的使用效率。

This paper aims to present a new type of solar splitting system. The concept is to design a complete splitting system to split solar spectrum into visible region (380-780nm) and infrared region (780-2520nm) by using the Blazed Grating which is a kind of Diffractive Optical Elements (DOE).
We will manufacture a 7 units solar splitting system in this research. By designing the surface structure of blazed grating, the +1 order and 0 order diffracted light will have high diffraction efficiency in the visible and infrared region, respectively. After combining the concentrate characteristic of lens and the v-groove structure of light-guide, the +1 order and 0 order diffracted light will be totally reflected to the sides of the light-guide, respectively and achieves the purpose of splitting. The visible light can be utilized in solar lighting system or silicon solar cells and infrared light can be utilized in thermo-electric devices or Ge (germanium) solar cells, which makes the solar energy be utilized and converted as much as possible for improving the utilization efficiency of solar energy.

第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究背景 1
1-2 文獻回顧 5
1-2-1 分波元件技術 5
1-2-2 聚光與導光技術 9
1-3 研究動機與目的 12
1-4 論文架構 13
第二章 基礎理論與原理 14
2-1 幾何光學理論(Geometrical Optics Theory) 14
2-2 波動光學理論(Wave Optics Theory) 14
2-2-1 繞射(Diffraction) 14
2-2-2 干涉(Interference) 15
2-3 全內反射理論(Total Internal Reflection ,TIR) 15
2-4 菲涅爾損失(Fresnel Loss) 15
2-5 光柵理論(Grating Theory) 17
2-5-1 光柵繞射理論(Grating Diffraction Theory) 17
2-5-2 純量繞射理論(Vector Diffraction Theory) 18
2-5-3 閃耀光柵(Blazed grating) 18
2-6 發散角(Divergence Angle) 19
2-7 積分球的原理與立體角 20
2-7-1 朗伯餘弦定理(Lambert’s Cosine Law) 20
2-7-2 立體角 20
2-7-3 積分球結構 21
2-8 小結 22
第三章 整體結構設計與模擬 23
3-1 整體結構之設計理念 23
3-2 效率定義 24
3-2-1 閃耀光柵效率定義 24
3-2-2 整體系統效率定義 25
3-3 聚光元件 26
3-4 閃耀光柵設計與模擬 27
3-4-1 閃耀光柵材料與設計 28
3-4-2 光柵繞射角與效率比較 31
3-4-3 抗反射層coating模擬 33
3-5 導光板設計與模擬 34
3-5-1 V溝結構分析 34
3-5-2 菲涅爾損失、材料光學性質、太陽發散角模擬 35
3-5-3 導光板設計 35
3-5-4 7units陣列結構之效率模擬 38
3-6 小結 39
第四章 實驗量測與結果討論 40
4-1 實驗儀器設備與量測方法 40
4-1-1 元件測量 40
4-1-2 7units系統量測 40
4-2 實驗結果討論 47
4-2-1 閃耀光柵結構量測分析 47
4-2-2 導光板V溝結構量測分析 48
4-2-3 結合框架與7 units結構之模擬效率分析 49
4-2-4 陣列結構光功率量測分析 50
4-2-5 陣列結構光譜量測分析 56
4-3 效率分析 58
4-4 誤差分析 60
4-4-1 環境雜散光 60
4-4-2 其他階級繞射效率 60
4-5 小結 62
第五章 結論與未來展望 63
5-1 結論 63
5-2 未來展望 64

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