臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

船席調派系統是以電腦化安排船席之作業系統，主要在節省船舶在港外等待時間及減少碼頭閒置或避免碼頭擁擠，可提升碼頭的使用率。現有系統於民國94年委外開發，在96年程式開發完成上線使用，但使用效果不佳。經調整程式後在100年4月第二次上線，乃未達成預期目標。現況是船務及港代理業者認為該系統調派結果準確性不足，仍每日參加船席調派會議，沿用人工排船席。
本研究動機是在探考現行高雄港電腦調派船席系統遇到之瓶頸，「與人工排船席結果比較，電腦調派結果準確性不足」和「船務及港代理業者配合意願低」。
研究方法運用本研究以鑽石模型中，任務、員工(人)、組織結構和技術構面為基礎，其目的在如何更貼近船席調派之實務需求，配合使用者使用情境，作業流程，相互協同，並導入適當的作業平台。也運用社會技術觀點，同時強調「從技術面的角度」重新設計排船席演算法，將不符合公平性原則之「整體碼頭空間使用最佳化」演算法，改為依船舶「先到先靠」和「現場調派人員專家經驗」重寫演算法。在「從社會面的角度」分析使用者抗拒原因，以提高船務及港代理業者願意使用系統為目的。
研究結果，若排除人為因素(如未申請或船席時間有異動未修正等)，新排船演算法可和人工排船一樣精準，證明重新導入演算法，已改善電腦船席調派系統，更貼近船席調派之實務需求。可提高未來高雄港船席調派系統，船務及港代理業者使用意願。

The Berth Allocation System is a computerized operating system of the berth arrangement. It mainly saves the waiting time of the ship outside the port and reduces the idleness of the terminal or avoids the congestion of the terminal, which can improve the utilization rate of the terminal. The system of the first version outsourced to develop in 2005, and then launched for online use in 2007. But the usage effect was not as good as expected. After some programs adjustment, it was launched for the second time in April of 2011, however did not achieve the expected goal. The fact is that the shipping and port agents do not believe the accuracy of the system and still choose to hold a meeting every day for ship seats arrangement.
The motivation of this study is to explore the bottlenecks encountered in the current Kaohsiung Port computerized Berth Allocation System: Compared with the results of the manual ship deployment, the accuracy of the computer deployment is insufficient, and the shipping and port agents have a low willingness for cooperation.
The research method is based on the task, employee (person), organizational structure and technical facet in the diamond model. Its purpose is to be closer to the practical needs of the ship's dispatch, to match the user's use of the situation, the operational process, and the synergy. And implement the appropriate operation platform as well. Based on Sociotechnical View, we redesign of the shipboard algorithm from a technical point of view. While the algorithm of “optimizing the overall use of the terminal space” that does not meet the fairness principle, it is changed to a ship on a first-come, first-served basis and rewrote the algorithm with the “dispatch personnel expert experience on site”. From the social perspective, we analyze the reasons for users’ resistance to improve the willingness of shipping and port agents to use the system.
According to the research results, if the human factors are excluded (such as unapplied or the time of the ship has been changed, etc.), the new ship algorithm can be as accurate as the manual ship deployment, which proves that the re-import algorithm can effectively improve the computerized deployment system, and even closer to the practical needs of the ship deployment. It will improve the future Kaohsiung Port Berth Allocation System, and the willingness to use for shipping and port agents.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌 謝 iv
目 錄 v
表 目 錄 vii
圖 目 錄 viii
一、緒論 1
1.1研究背景與動機 1
1.2研究目的 2
1.3研究範圍 2
1.4研究流程 4
二、文獻探討 5
2.1鑽石模式Leavitt (1965) 5
2.2社會技術觀點Trist and Bamforth (1951) 7
2.3臺灣各港口的船席指泊作業流程比較 8
三、研究方法 9
3.1高雄港船席調派作業現況描述 9
3.2.1需要排船席的碼頭資料 12
3.3.3船席調派限制 15
3.2鑽石模式理論分析船席調派系統 16
3.2.1組織結構 16
3.2.2任務 17
3.2.3員工(人) 19
3.2.4技術 19
3.3問題研究 20
3.4行為面與技術面的調整 22
3.5船席調派系統-實體關聯模型 23
3.6演算流程 24
3.6.1基本資料建立：需要排船之碼頭和纜樁位置資料 24
3.6.2更新船席現況之演算法 25
3.6.3排船演算法 26
四、研究結果 28
4.1系統操作介紹 28
4.1.1船席調派申請作業—進港作業申請 28
4.1.2申請單總覽 29
4.1.4港區船席現況圖 30
4.1.5當日排船結果 31
4.2研究結果分析 32
4.2.1行為面 32
4.2.2技術面 32
4.3導入階段之計劃 35
五、結論與建議 36
5.1研究結論與管理意涵 36
5.2未來建議 37
參考文獻 38
中文文獻 38
英文文獻 38
網頁參考 38

中文文獻
1.林東清 (2010). 「資訊管理: e 化企業的核心競爭力」 臺北市: 智勝文化公司.
2.葉彥志 (2012). 船席調派策略適切性方法研究-以高雄港為例. 電子工程系. 碩士論文，高雄應用科技大學. 碩士.
3.Kenneth C. Laudon & Jane P. Laudon著，周宣光 譯(2010).「管理資訊系統」，第十一版，臺北市:台灣東華書局公司.

英文文獻
4.Leavitt, H. J. (1965). “Applied organizational change in industry, structural, technological and humanistic approaches.” Handbook of organizations 264.
5.Trist, E. L. and K. W. Bamforth (1951). “Some social and psychological consequences of the Longwall Method of coal-getting: An examination of the psychological situation and defences of a work group in relation to the social structure and technological content of the work system.” Human relations 4(1): 3-38.

網頁參考
6.臺灣港務股份有限公司-高雄港務分公司全球資訊網，關於公司-高港位置-港區總圖(Mar.20,2019)。檢自https://kh.twport.com.tw/chinese/cp.aspx?n=117813148B91AD20 (Jun.20,2019)
7.臺灣港務股份有限公司-高雄港務分公司全球資訊網，關於公司-組織系統-組織圖(Jun.5,2019)。檢自https://kh.twport.com.tw/chinese/cp.aspx?n=22C974254D487582 (Jun.20,2019)