臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要

本文目的有三：其一為批判在臺灣文學史書寫歷程中所奠定的意識形態，及其對目前領域整體視域、方法、政治向度所設限制；其二是以有別以往的觀點與方法，發掘郭松棻小說中尚未受到重視與討論的新面向；其三乃以郭松棻為範例於台灣文學測度、開拓比較文學的可能。在方法論上本文以西方馬克思主義美學為重要理論資源與典範，在文本細讀的基礎之上，描述並發掘形式與修辭層次上的歷史與知識論意義。
本文緒論追溯臺灣文學史書寫如何以「抵抗意志」與「本真需求」為原則建立臺灣文學的意識形態與烏托邦範式。第一章發展緒論所述，說明臺灣文學史意識形態如何建立在寫實主義與現代主義的美學與知識論基礎上，並試圖證明兩者互相涵攝的關係。第二章重探日本近代思想史接受西方現代性時展現的內在辯證以何種方式反映在近代文論與小說敘事觀點問題，藉此分析郭松棻小說《驚婚》中關鍵的法庭場景與第一人稱敘事段落。第三章研究福樓拜小說美學對郭松棻短篇小說〈月印〉、〈月噑〉、〈雪盲〉可能的影響，說明郭松棻如何運用錯置修辭客體、諷喻、敘事盲點、無用美學化語句等技巧否定地挑戰小說反映、救贖歷史的正向關係。第四章則從歷史虛構、時間政治與神話方法三個角度重探郭松棻在〈今夜星光燦爛〉發展出的晚期修辭風格與主要意象，批評前行研究流行的救贖說，並說明此一風格亦觸及臺灣本位文學史書寫中殘留的民國問題。本文結論則再以「傳統」與「世界文學」為軸線脈絡化本文的書寫過程並提出對臺灣文學未來的建議。
本文尚有兩篇附論：其一強調已成常識的「想像共同體」論中內建的形式限制，並從西方馬克思主義提出辯證性較強的國族想像；其二從〈草〉文中在場的黑格爾與不在場的馬克思、恩格斯著手，從哲學與敘事觀點探索郭松棻從政治轉向創作的淵源。

Abstract

This thesis expects to achieve three goals: first, I aim to critique the ideology consolidated by Taiwan literary historiography and the limits it has set on the vision, methodology and political dimension of the discipline; second, from new perspectives I try to locate dimensions that have not been considered or discussed in details in Guo Songfen’s works; third, I view my reading of Guo’s works as an experiment to measure the possibility of conducting comparative works with Western tradition in Taiwan literature. I refer to Western Marxist aesthetic as the methodological paradigm, and I wish to unearth the historical and epistemological significance in literary forms on the basis of close reading.
In the introduction I argue that Taiwan literary historiographies establish the utopian telos of Taiwan literature according to two principles: “will to resist” and “demand for authenticity.” The first chapter follows the argument developed in the introduction and illustrates that the ideology is actually based on aesthetic and epistemological premises of realism and modernism, and I strive to find proof for the inherent interrelation within their ostensible antagonism. In chapter two I revisit modern Japanese intellectual history to tease out the immanent dialectic in its contact with Western modernity, and I observe how this dialectic is reflected in modern literary criticism and problematizes the narrative perspective in prose fiction. I use what I find to read a critical scene in Guo’s novel Jinghun. In the third chapter I study the possible influence of Flaubertian aesthetic on Guo’s stories “Moon Seal,” “Wailing Moon,” and “Snow Blind,” demonstrating how Guo uses rhetorical techniques such as displaced object, irony, narrative uncertainty and useless aestheticization to negatively challenge the affirmative reflective relation between fiction and history. In chapter four I research the late style and imagery in Guo’s “Brightly Shine the Stars Tonight” from three angles: historical fiction, politics of temporalities, and mythical method, so as to criticize the well-accepted “redemption hypothesis” in previous studies and to illustrate how Guo’s late style touches upon the remnant of Republic of China in Taiwan-centered literary historiography. In the epilogue I contextualize my thesis in two axes: “tradition” and “the world,” and propose my advice for the future of Taiwan literature.
There are two additional excursuses: one stresses the inherent formal limits in the common sense theorization and application of “imagined communities” and suggests a more dialectical version of nationalism from Western Marxism; the other reads Guo’s story “Clover” from the presence of Hegel and the absence of Marx and Engels to explain Guo’s definitive turn from political activity to literature from the story’s philosophical aspect and narrative problem.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgement…………………………………..………………………………...i
Chinese Abstract…………………………………………………………………......iii
English Abstract………………………………………………………………….......iv
A Note on Texts and Format……….…………………………………………...…....vi
Introduction…………………………………………………………………………...1
Excursus One……………..…………………………………………………….…...41
Chapter One…..……………………………..………………………………….…...49
Chapter Two………………………………………………………………….….…..91
Chapter Three ……………………………………………………………………...137
Excursus Two………………………………………………………………………191
Chapter Four…..……………………………..……………………………..………203
Epilogue…..……………………………..……………………………....…………242
Works Cited…..……………………………..……………………………..………261

Works Cited

Primary Texts:
Luo, Longmai 羅隆邁 [Guo Songfen 郭松棻]. Tantan taiwan de wenxue 談談台灣的文學. [To Talk about Literature in Taiwan.] Chunlei zhihou: baodiao yundong sanshiwu zhounian wenxian xuanji 春雷之後：保釣運動三十五週年文獻選輯 [After Spring Thunder: An Anthology for the 35th Anniversary of Baodiao Movement]. Ed. Diaotongyun wenxian bianji weiyuanhui 釣統運文獻編輯委員會 [Committee of Baodiao and Unification Movement Archive]. Vol. 2. Taipei: Renjian, 2006. Print.
Guo, Songfen 郭松棻. Jinghun 驚婚 [Shock-Wedding]. Taipei: Inke, 2012. Print.
---. Running Mother and Other Stories. Ed. John Balcolm. Trans. John Balcolm et al. New York: Columbia UP, 2009. Print.
---. Yueyin 月印 [Moon Seal] Benpao de Muqin 奔跑的母親 [Running Mother]. Taipei: Maitian, 2002. 13-112. Print.
---. Xuemang 雪盲 [Snow Blind] Benpao de Muqin 奔跑的母親 [Running Mother]. Taipei: Maitain, 2002. 165-216. Print.
---. Cao 草 [Clover]. Benpao de Muqin 奔跑的母親 [Running Mother]. Taipei: Maitian, 2002. 139-64. Print.
---. Jinye xingguang canlan 今夜星光燦爛 [Brightly Shine the Stars Tonight]. Benpao de Muqin 奔跑的母親 [Running Mother]. Taipei: Maitian, 2002. 217-76. Print.
---. Yuehao 月嘷 [Wailing Moon]. Guo Songfen Ji 郭松棻集 [Selected Works by Guo Songfen]. Taipei: Qianwei, 1993. 55-121. Print.
Interview with Guo Songfen:
Liao, Yu-huei 廖玉蕙. Shengming lide zhanshitingge: xiaoshuojia guo songfen, li yu fangtanlu 生命裡的暫時停格：小說家郭松棻、李渝訪談錄 [Momentary Stills in Life: Interview with Guo Songfen and Lee Yu.]. Lienhe wenxue 聯合文學 19.7 (2003): 114-22. Print.
Jian Yiming 簡義明. Guo songfen fangtan 郭松棻訪談 [An Interview with Guo Songfen]. Jinghun. Taipei: Inke, 2012. 175-243 Print.
Wuhe 舞鶴 and Li Yu 李渝. Buweihe weishei er xie: zai niuyue fangtan guo songfen 不為何為誰而寫—在紐約訪談郭松棻 [Writing for No One and No Reason: An Interview with Guo Songfen at New York]. Inke wenxue shenghuozhi 印刻文學生活誌 23 (2005): 38-54. Print.
Works in Chinese:
Chang, Lihsuan 張俐璇. Jiangou yu liubian: xieshizhuyi yu taiwan xiaoshuo shengchan 建構與流變：「寫實主義」與台灣小說生產 [Becoming Realism: The Production of Taiwan Fiction]. Taipei: Showwe, 2016. Print.
---. Shuangmian yijiubasan: shilun chen yingzhen yu guo songfen xiaoushuo de wenxueshi yiyi 雙面一九八三：事論陳映真與郭松棻小說的文學史意義 [Double-faceted 1983: Exploring the Significance of the Fiction by Chen Yingzhen and Guo Songfen in Literary History] taiwan wenxue xuebao 臺灣文學學報 25 (2017): 219-49. Print.
Chang, Yvonne Sung-sheng. Guo songfen yueyin yu ershishiji zhongye de wenxueshi duanlie 郭松棻、月印、與二十世紀中葉的文學史斷裂 [Guo Songfen, “Moon Seal,” and the Rupture in Mid-Twentieth Century Literary History]. Diyijie wenhua lioudong yu zhishichuanbo guojixueshu yantaohui lunwenji 第一屆文化流動與知識傳播國際學術研討會論文集 [Proceedings of Cultural Flows and Knowledge Dissemination: The First International Conference on Intertextuality between Taiwan Literature and Asia-Pacific Humanities]. Taipei: Showwe, 2017. 63-80. Print.
Chen, Chienchung 陳建忠. Jiyi liuyu: taiwan lishi shuxie yu jiyi zhenzhi 記憶流域：臺灣歷史書寫與記憶政治 [Flowing through Memories: Historical Writing and Politics of Remembering in Taiwan]. New Taipei City: Nanshizixing, 2018. Print.
Chen, Fangming 陳芳明. Taiwan xinwenxue shi 台灣新文學史 [A History of Modern Taiwanese Literature]. 2nd ed. Vol. 1-2. Taipei: Lianjing, 2015. Print.
---. Houzhimin huo houxiandai: zhanhou taiwan wenxueshi de yige jieshi 後現代或後殖民：戰後台灣文學史的一個解釋 [Postcolonial or Postmodern: An Explanation of Postwar Taiwan Literary History] Ed. Chou Yinghsiung 周英雄 and Joyce Liu Chi-hui 劉紀蕙. Shuxie Taiwan: wenxueshi houzhimin yu houxiandai 書寫台灣：文學史、後殖民與後現代 [Writing Taiwan: Strategies of Representation]. Taipei: Maitian, 2000. 41-63. Print.
Chen, Mingjou 陳明柔. Dangdai taiwan lishi xiaoshuozhong lishijiy de shuxie: yiguo songfen wei guancha zhuzhou 當代臺灣歷史小說中歷史記憶的書寫：以郭松棻為觀察主軸 [Writing Historical Memory in Contemporary Taiwanese Fiction: The Case of Guo Songfen.’ Taiwan wenxueshi shuxie guojiyantaohui lunwenji 台灣文學史書寫國際研討會論文集 [Proceedings of International Conference on Writing Taiwanese Literary History]. Vol. 2. Ed. Dept. of Taiwanese Literature, National Cheng Kung U. Kaohsiung: Chunhui, 2008. 407-34. Print.
Chen, Yingzhen 陳映真. Xiandaizhuyi di zaikaifa: yanchu dengdai guotuo di suixiang. 現代主義底再開發：演出《等待果陀》底隨想 [Toward a New Departure in Modernism Thoughts on the Recent Production of Waiting for Godot] Chen yingzhen quanji 陳映真全集 [Collected Works of Chen Yingzhen]. Vol 1. Tapipei: renjian, 2017. 412-20. Print.
Chiu, Kueifen 邱貴芬. Houzhimin ji qiwai 後殖民及其外. [Rethinking Postcolonial Literary Criticism in Taiwan]. Taipei: Rye Field, 2003. Print.
Choi, Malsoon 崔末順. Haidao yu bandao zhiju taihan wenxue bijao 海島與半島：日據臺韓文學比較 [Island and Peninsula: A Comparative Study of Taiwanese and Korean Literature in Japanese Colonial Era]. Taipei: Lianjing, 2013. Print.
Gu, Zhengping 顧正萍. Cong jieru jingyu dao ziwuojiefang: guosongfen zaitan.從介入境遇到自我解放：郭松棻再探 [From Situational Intervention to Individual Liberation: Revisiting Guo Songfen]. Taipei: Showwe, 2012. Print.
Hsiau, Achin 蕭阿勤. Huigui xienshi: Yijiouqiling niendai de zhanhoushidai yu wenhua zhengzhi bienqian 回歸現實: 一九七〇年代的戰後世代與文化政治變遷 [Return to Reality: Political and Cultural Change in 1970s Taiwan and the Postwar Generation]. Taipei: Academia Sinica, 2010.
---. Taiwan wenxue de benntuhua dianfan: lishi xushi celue de benzhizhuyi yu guijia quanli 台灣文學的本土化典範：歷史敘事、策略的本質主義、與國家權力 [Indigenization Paradigms of Taiwan Literature: Historical Narrative, Strategic Essentialism and State Power]. Chonggou taiwan: dangdai minzuzhuyi de wenhua zhengzhi 重構台灣：當代民族主義的文化政治 [Reconstructing Taiwan: The Cultural Politics of Contemporary Nationalism]. Taipei: Lianjing, 2012. Print.
Huang, Meie 黃美娥. 2016-2017 nien taiwan wenxue yanjiu huigu yu zhanwang yi chuban xianxiang han xueke fanshi wei taolun zhongxin 2016-2017 年臺灣文學研究回顧與展望 —以出版現象和學科反思為討論中心 [Retrospect and Prospect of Taiwan Literature Research from 2016-2017: A Publishing Phenomena and Reflections on Disciplines]. Hanxue yanjiu tongxun 漢學研究通訊 38.2 (2019): 1-9. Print.
Huang, Yingzhe 黃英哲 et al. ed. Rizhishiqi taiwan wenyipinglunji zazhipian 日治時期台灣文藝評論集（雜誌篇）[Taiwanese Literary and Cultural Criticism Under the Japanese Rule (Magazines)]. Vol. 3. Tainan: Guojia taiwan wenxueguan choubeichu, 2006. Print.
---. Rizhishiqi taiwan wenyipinglunji zazhipian 日治時期台灣文藝評論集（雜誌篇）[Taiwanese Literary and Cultural Criticism Under the Japanese Rule (Magazines)] vol. 4. Tainan: Guojia taiwan wenxueguan choubeichu, 2006. Print.
Jian, Yiming 簡義明. Shuxie guosong fen: yige meiyou weizgi han dingyi de xiezuozhe 書寫郭松棻：一個沒有位置和定義的寫作者 [Writing about Kuo Sung-Fen: A Writer without a Position and a Definition] Diss. Tsing Hua U, 2007. Print.
Lin, Yunhong 林運鴻. Wangque jieji de liangzhong zuopai: bijiao taiwan wenxueshi lunshu zhong de houzhimin zuoyi yu zuqun daoxiang de jieji xushi 忘卻「階級」的兩種左派：比較台灣文學史論述中的「後殖民左翼」與「族群導向的階級敘事」[Two Types of Leftists Who Forget about ‘Class:’ A Comparison between Postcolonial Left and Ethnically-oriented Class Narrative in Discourses on the History of Taiwan Literature]. Chung Wai Literary Quarterly 46.2 (2017): 161-96. Print.
---. Taiwan wexxueshi lunshu zhong de sange gushi: bentulun, guojiaxushi yu xiandaixing. 台灣文學史論述中的三個故事：本土論、國家敘事與現代性 [Three Narrations of Taiwanese Literary History: Nativism, Nationalism, and Modernity]. MA thesis. National Tsing Hua U, 2008. Print.
Liou, Liangya 劉亮雅. Houxiandai yu houzhimin: lun jieyan yilai de taiwan xiaoshuo 後現代與後殖民—論解嚴以來的臺灣小說. [“Postmodern and Postcolonial: On Taiwan Fiction Since Democratization”]. Taiwan xiaoshuo shilun 台灣小說史論 [Essays on History of Taiwan Fiction]. Ed. Chen Chienchung 陳建忠 et al. Taipei: Maitian, 2007. 317-401. Print.
Liu, Shujhen 劉淑貞. lun xiezuo, yiji tade kueique: lun guo songfen de xiaoshuo 論寫作，以及它的匱缺：論郭松棻的小說 [“Writing and Its Lack: On Guo Songfen’s Fiction”]. Zongshan renwen xuebao 中山人文學報 44 (2018): 33-54. Print.
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---. Wen yu hun yu ti: lun xiandai zhongguoxing 文與魂與體：論現代中國 [Textuality, Soul, and Body: On Chinese Modernity]. Taipei: Maitian, 2006. Print.
---. Zhongwen xiandai zhuyi yige weiliao de jihua 中文現代主義—一個未了的計畫 [Chinese Modernism: An Unfinished Project] Huangyan huo zhenli de jiyi: dangdai zhongwen xiaoshuo lunji 謊言或真理的技藝：當代中文小說論集. The Craft of Falsehood or the Craft of Truth: Contemporary Chinese Fiction Criticism. Taipei: Rye Field, 2003. Print.
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Works in English (including foreign works translated into English):
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---. Kokyou wo Ushinatta bungaku. 故郷を失った文学 [The Literature That Lost Its Homeland]. Kobayashi hideo zenshū 小林秀雄全集 [Collected Works by Kobayashi Hideo]. Vol. 2 Tokyo: Sinchōsha, 2001. 366-75.
---. Gendai bungaku no fuan 現代文学の不安 [The Angst of Contemporary Literature]. Kobayashi hideo zenshū 小林秀雄全集 [Collected Works by Kobayashi Hideo]. Vol. 2. Tokyo: Sinchōsha, 2001. 211-22.
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Andō Hiroshi 安藤宏. Jiishiki no shōwabungaku: genshō toshite no watakushi 自意識の昭和文学：現象としての「私」[Self-Consciousness and Shōwa Literaure: “I” as a Phenomenon]. Tokyo: Shibundō, 1994. Print.
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Yasuda Yojūrō 保田與重郎. Nihon romanha ni tsuite 日本浪曼派について [About Japanese Romantic School]. Yasuda Yojūrō zenshū 保田與重郎全集 [Collected Works by Yasuda Yojūrō] Vol. 6. Tokyo: Kōdansha, 1986. 241-50. Print.
---.Wagakuni niokeru rōmanshugi no gaikan 我国に於ける浪曼主義の概観 [An Overview of Romantic School in Our Country]. Yasuda Yojūrō zenshū 保田與重郎全集 [Collected Works by Yasuda Yojūrō]. Vol. 11. Tokyo: Kōdansha, 1986. 287-304. Print.
---. Bunmeikaika no ronri no shuuen nitsuite 文明開化の論理の終焉について [About the Death of the Logic of Civilization and Enlightenment]. Yasuda Yojūrō zenshū 保田與重郎全集 [Collected Works by Yasuda Yojūrō]. Vol. 7. Tokyo: Kōdansha, 1986. 11-21. Print.
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