味噌為亞洲常見發酵大豆食品，因發酵提高蛋白質淨利用率，於此過程中，微生物也將特徵化合物，如大豆異黃酮、大豆皂素，進行生物轉換，增加其生理功效，為良好的蛋白質、植化素來源。但由於味噌為黏稠的半固體狀態，勺取不易，運用範圍受限，故開發味噌再加工製品，有添加醣類製成味噌醬，也以卡德蘭膠、kappa-鹿角菜膠與大豆蛋白為味噌質地改良劑，製成如起司片之味噌片，以提高味噌使用方便性、產品多樣性。此外，並針對產品進行物理性質分析與加速性試驗，物理性質方面，味噌醬因添加醣類而增加其流動性、安定性，而味噌片添加質地改良劑，在其成型範圍內，則因味噌比例提高而質地變軟、黏度上升；加速性試驗方面，參考食用油之油脂氧化指標，透過開發萃取高水分含量食品中油脂方法，因產品低過氧化價、高巴比妥酸價，判斷為油脂氧化後期，而巴比妥酸價為味噌加工產品加速性試驗之敏感評估指標。

Miso is a common fermented soybean food in Asia, which improves the net utilization of protein through fermentation. In this process, microorganisms also bio-convert characteristic compounds such as soy isoflavones and soyasaponin to increase functionality. However, since miso is a sticky and semi-solid state, it is inconvenient to use. In order to expand the application of miso, this study has developed miso products, miso spread made by adding carbohydrate and miso slice like cheese singlet made through texture improvers such as curdlan, kappa-carrageenan, and soy protein isolate. Additionally, physical properties analysis and accelerated shelf-life testing were carried out for the products. In terms of physical properties analysis, the fluidity and stability of miso spread were improved by adding carbohydrate, and the texture of miso slice is softer and stickier along with the increasing of miso within the model range. For accelerated shelf-life testing through the development of extracting oil in high moisture content food, referring to the oil oxidation index of edible oil, the miso processed product with low peroxide value and high TBARS value were judged to be the secondary stage of oil oxidation. Otherwise, TBARS value is a sensitive index to evaluate the stability of processed miso products.

目錄
摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xiii
壹、 前言 1
貳、 文獻回顧 2
第一章、 大豆、米、味噌與其相關化合物介紹 2
1.1 大豆 2
1.2 味噌 2
1.3 大豆異黃酮 9
1.3.1 大豆異黃酮介紹 9
1.3.2 大豆異黃酮萃取條件 12
1.3.3 大豆異黃酮分析-液相層析串聯偵測器 13
1.4 大豆皂素 15
1.4.1 大豆皂素介紹 15
1.4.2 大豆皂素萃取條件 19
1.4.3 大豆皂素分析-液相層析串聯偵測器 20
第二章、 膠體之性質 22
2.1 卡德蘭膠 22
2.1.1 卡德蘭膠介紹 22
2.1.2 卡德蘭膠構造與溶解特性 24
2.1.3 卡德蘭膠凝膠性質 25
2.2 鹿角菜膠 27
2.2.1 鹿角菜膠介紹 27
2.2.2 鹿角菜膠物理性質 30
2.3 大豆蛋白 34
2.3.1 大豆蛋白介紹 34
2.3.2 大豆蛋白之凝膠性質 36
第三章、 食品安定性試驗 40
3.1 水活性 40
3.2 等溫吸濕曲線 45
3.3 油脂氧化 48
參、 研究目的與實驗架構 50
肆、 材料與方法 51
第一章、 實驗材料 51
1.1 市售味噌 51
1.2 醣類 51
1.3 膠體 51
1.4 大豆(附錄) 53
1.5 大豆製品(附錄) 53
1.6 自製大豆製品(附錄) 55
1.7 其他樣品(附錄) 55
第二章、 實驗藥品 57
2.1 標準品 57
2.2 化學藥品 57
2.3 標準品(附錄) 59
第三章、 實驗儀器 60
3.1 樣品製備、萃取 60
3.2 其他儀器 60
3.3 高效液相層析串聯光電二極體陣列偵測器(附錄) 61
3.4 高效液相層析串聯線性離子阱質譜儀(附錄) 61
3.5 高效液相層析串聯高解析軌道式質譜儀(Q-Exactive) (附錄) 61
第四章、 實驗方法 63
4.1 味噌醬物理性質相關試驗 63
4.1.1 味噌醬製作 63
4.2 味噌成型試驗 63
4.2.1 以卡德蘭膠成型 63
4.2.2 以kappa-鹿角菜膠成型 63
4.2.3 以大豆分離蛋白成型 64
4.2.4 質地分析 64
4.3 味噌加工產品之加速性試驗 65
4.3.1 油脂氧化指標 65
4.3.2 蛋白質指標 67
4.3.3 其他指標 68
4.4 大豆異黃酮、大豆皂素同步分析(附錄) 69
4.4.1 品管樣品(Control_20171102) 69
4.4.2 樣品萃取 69
4.4.3 高效液相層析串聯高解析軌道式質譜儀分析條件 69
4.5 製作減鹽味噌(附錄) 72
4.6 市售大豆製品之大豆異黃酮分析(附錄) 72
4.6.1 品管樣品(Control_20171102) 72
4.6.2 樣品萃取 72
4.6.3 高效液相層析串聯光電二極體陣列偵測器分析條件 73
伍、 結果與討論 74
第一章、 味噌醬產品製作及物理性質 74
1.1 味噌醬之製作 74
1.2 味噌醬之等溫吸濕曲線 78
第二章、 味噌成型試驗(味噌片) 81
第三章、 味噌產品之加速性試驗 85
陸、 結論 96
柒、 參考文獻 97
捌、 附錄 105
第一章、 木糖醇減鹽味噌、市售味噌活性成分分析 105
1.1 木糖醇減鹽味噌之製作 105
1.2 活性成分分析 110
1.3 大豆異黃酮、大豆皂素同步分析 110
1.4 大豆異黃酮之偵測 115
1.5 大豆、減鹽味噌、市售味噌之大豆異黃酮含量 120
1.6 大豆皂素之偵測 127
1.7 大豆、減鹽味噌、市售味噌之大豆皂素含量 138
第二章、 市售大豆製品之大豆異黃酮儲藏安定性 142
2.1 豆漿、豆腐與豆干中大豆異黃酮含量與型態變化 142
第三章、 各分析系統之品質管制圖 167
3.1 味噌產品之加速性試驗 167
3.2 大豆異黃酮、大豆皂素同步分析 169
3.3 市售大豆製品之大豆異黃酮分析 173

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