電力線原始設計為傳輸電力，並非用於信息傳輸，而電力線通道內含有許多電力設備，其內部具有切換式功能之電子零件，運作時會產生高能量的脈衝雜訊(impulsive noise)，若作為通訊媒介使用，脈衝雜訊將嚴重影響整個系統的資料傳輸效能。根據研究，具有循環穩態(cyclostationary)特性的週期性脈衝雜訊是窄頻電力線通道中最具威脅性的干擾，而且其能量通常是背景雜訊的數十倍以上。
本論文參考IEEE P1901.2標準之實體層規範為模擬平台，提出一強健性接收機架構，使用頻移濾波器(frequency shift filter, FRESH filter)估計循環穩態脈衝雜訊並將其消除，並且利用正交分頻多工(orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, OFDM)訊號具有循環字首(cyclic prefix, CP)所導致的循環穩態特性，將受到脈衝雜訊干擾的接收訊號重建回來。然而，在脈衝雜訊的循環頻率(cyclic frequency)並非已知且固定情況下，循環頻率誤差將使頻移濾波器之效能大幅降低，故本論文也針對此問題提出一具循環頻率誤差補償之可適性頻移濾波演算法。軟體模擬結果顯示，本論文提出之演算法可有效估計循環頻率的變異並加以補償，再藉由消除循環穩態脈衝雜訊，使系統效能大幅改善。

The power line is originally designed for power transmission instead of communication. The power line channel contains many power devices. The electronic components with switching functions can easily introduce high energy impulsive noise. Used as a communication system, such impulsive noise can seriously degrade the data transmission efficiency of the entire system. According to the research, the periodic impulsive noise with cyclostationary characteristic is the most threatening interference in narrowband power line channel, and its energy is usually dozens of times higher than background noise.
In this thesis, we refer to the physical layer specification of IEEE P1901.2 standard as the simulation platform and propose a robust receiver architecture for narrowband power line communication. The frequency shift filter (FRESH filter) is used to estimate the cyclostationary impulsive noise and eliminate it. The fact that an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signal has cyclostationary characteristics due to the cyclic prefix (CP) can be used to reconstruct the received signal interfered by the impulsive noise. However, the cyclic frequency of impulsive noise is not a constant, and such cyclic frequency error can greatly degrade the performance of the FRESH filter. Therefore, we also propose an adaptive FRESH filter algorithm for cyclic frequency error compensation in this thesis. The simulation results show that the algorithm proposed by us can effectively estimate and compensate the cyclic frequency error, eliminate the cyclostationary impulsive noise, and hence improve the system performance.

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
圖目錄 V
表目錄 VIII
中英對照表 IX
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 2
1.3 論文架構 3
第二章 電力線通訊系統 4
2.1 電力線通訊簡介 4
2.2 窄頻電力線通訊系統架構 6
2.2.1 IEEE P1901.2標準簡介 6
2.2.2 系統架構簡介 7
2.2.3 訊框結構簡介 8
2.2.4 攪亂器 9
2.2.5 里德-所羅門碼 10
2.2.6 迴旋碼 13
2.2.7 交錯器 17
2.2.8 差分相位偏移調變 19
2.3 正交分頻多工 21
2.3.1 正交分頻多工 21
2.3.2 保護間隔 23
2.3.3 空子載波 24
2.3.4 峰均功率比 25
2.4 窄頻電力線通道與雜訊模型 26
2.4.1 窄頻電力線通道模型 26
2.4.2 窄頻電力線雜訊模型 28
第三章 可適性頻移濾波器 34
3.1 頻移濾波器 34
3.2 遞迴最小平方演算法 37
3.3 遞迴最小平方頻移濾波器 41
第四章 循環穩態脈衝雜訊消除 43
4.1 循環穩態脈衝雜訊干擾問題 43
4.2 傳統脈衝雜訊消除演算法 44
4.3 循環穩態脈衝雜訊消除架構 46
4.4 循環頻率誤差影響 48
4.5 循環頻率誤差補償演算法 51
第五章 模擬結果 55
5.1 模擬參數設定 55
5.1.1 NB-PLC參數設定 55
5.1.2 循環穩態脈衝雜訊消除參數設定 56
5.2 模擬結果分析 58
第六章 結論與未來展望 72
6.1 結論 72
6.2 未來展望 73
參考文獻 75

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