在交通發達的時代，輪船意外漏油事件亦相當頻繁，因此為了解決事件所造成之大面積油污染，並同時兼顧材料再利用的特性，近年來，三維多孔隙材料之超疏水性表面修飾成為新興發展對象，然而，目前所製作出的表面修飾材料具有步驟繁複、能耗高等缺點，因此本研究使用容易製備的β-FeOOH奈米顆粒來對三聚氰胺樹酯海綿進行表面修飾，利用浸漬法製備吸油海綿，並探討其最大吸附容量、分離效率及油脂去除率等油水分離效能參數，以及其耐用性及再利用性。
進行表面修飾後的MF-β-FeOOH海綿，其水接觸角可達144.23度，具高疏水性能，並且對不同油品之最大吸附容量可達68.2 ~104.5 g/g，分離效率則從95.3%至99.5%不等，而對海運重柴油之油脂去除率可達99.1%，因此可知該海綿具有良好的油水分離效率。
而在耐用性的部分，MF-β-FeOOH海綿在酸性及中性之水環境下，油脂去除率可維持在98.6%以上，而在鹼性環境下則略低，約97.8%，因此該海綿在pH值1~13之範圍內可維持不錯之油脂去除率；在鹽度的部分，海水並不會影響海綿之油脂去除率，約可達98.7%；在熱穩定性部分，此海綿可確保在水環境中，不會因熱而導致海綿結構被破壞。在再利用性能部分，MF-β-FeOOH海綿在20次使用以後人能維持72%之最大吸附容量及98%左右之油脂去除率，因此具有良好之再利用性能，如此可確認MF-β-FeOOH海綿為良好的吸油材料。

Because of modern vehicle technology, oil spill caused by ship accidents happens frequently. To avoid oil pollution in marine environment and remain reusability of oil-adsorbing materials, 3D porous materials fabricated by superhydrophobic coating have been a new direction of development. However, at the present time, this kind of materials have disadvantages of complicated production process and high energy cost. To look for high quality, low-cost and easy-making material, in this study, we will try to use melamine foam fabricated by superhydrophoic β-FeOOH nanoparticles to adsorb oil and measure its maximum adsorption capacity, separation efficiency, oil removal efficiency, durability and reusability as performance evaluation indicators.
Melamine foam fabricated by β-FeOOH nanoparticle, which is abbreviated as MF-β-FeOOH, have high hydrophobicity because of 144.23˚ water contact angle. In addition, the maximum adsorption capacity of this materials according to different kinds of oil is 68.2 ~ 104.5 g/g, and the separation efficiency is 95.3% ~ 99.5%. Last but not least, the oil removal efficiency is approximately 99.1%, so we can prove that MF-β-FeOOH have good oil-water separation performance.
In terms of duration test, oil removal efficiency of MF-β-FeOOH can be above 98.6% in acidic and neutral water environment and a little bit lower efficiency about 97.8% in basic water environment. Therefore, it can remain good efficiency in pH 1 to 13. Additionally, MF-β-FeOOH also can adsorb oil in sea water, which has oil removal efficiency about 98.7% and its chemical structure has enough thermal stability in water, based on TGA analysis. Finally, MF-β-FeOOH have good reusability since its maximum adsorption capacity can remain 72% of new one and about 98% oil removal efficiency after 20 cycles of adsorption process. To sum up, based on former data, we can prove that MF-β-FeOOH is a good oil-adsorbing material.

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 X
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究內容 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 油類污染物 3
2.1.1 油類物質之定義、來源 3
2.1.2 油類物質對環境之影響 5
2.1.3 油類物質去除技術現況 8
2.2 超疏水性表面 9
2.2.1 介面理論 9
2.2.2 浸濕性質與油水分離技術 11
2.3 三維多孔結構之超疏水性表面修飾應用於油水分離之發展現況 14
2.3.1 油水分離性能參數 14
2.3.2 三維多孔結構載體 18
2.3.2 超疏水性表面修飾材料 19
2.4 鹼式氧化鐵 22
2.4.1 種類及特性 22
2.4.2 鹼式氧化鐵於超疏水性表面之相關研究 22
第三章 材料與方法 25
3.1 實驗架構 25
3.2 材料與設備 27
3.2.1 材料與藥品 27
3.2.2 設備 28
3.3 實驗方法 30
3.3.1 特性分析 30
3.3.2 β-FeOOH奈米顆粒之製備 35
3.3.3 MF-β-FeOOH海綿之製備 35
3.3.4 油水分離性能測試 36
第四章 結果與討論 44
4.1 β-FeOOH奈米顆粒之特性分析 44
4.1.1 SEM分析圖譜 44
4.1.2 XRD分析圖譜 45
4.1.3 FTIR分析圖譜 46
4.2 MF-β-FeOOH海綿之特性分析 47
4.2.1 比表面積測定及疏水性能 47
4.2.2 SEM分析圖譜 50
4.2.3 XPS分析圖譜 52
4.3 MF-β-FeOOH海綿之油水分離性能試驗 57
4.3.1 吸附速率實驗 57
4.3.2 最大吸附容量試驗 63
4.3.3 分離效率測定 66
4.3.4 油脂去除率測定 67
4.4 MF-β-FeOOH海綿之耐腐蝕及再利用性能 69
4.4.1 酸鹼腐蝕試驗 69
4.4.2 耐鹽度試驗 70
4.4.3 熱穩定性試驗 71
4.4.4 再利用試驗 73
第五章 結論與建議 75
5.1 結論 75
5.2 建議 76
參考文獻 77
附錄 87

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