過去數十年來，快速的全球化讓世界上主要的職業運動聯盟得以從世界各地招攬頂尖的運動人才，藉以提高聯盟整體的競爭強度以及賽事品質。外來球員的輸入使跨文化溝通成為職業球隊運作的重要環節。然而，過去的口譯研究幾乎沒有探索過職業球隊口譯員的工作內容。本研究透過田野觀察法和半結構式訪談，對臺灣唯一職業運動聯盟——中華職棒——當中的中信兄弟球團進行初探研究，田野調查赴中信兄弟球團春訓營，為期兩天，而訪談對象則為三支球隊的球隊口譯、中信兄弟的口譯主管、球員、教練，共16人。研究結果顯示，球隊口譯不單單只是主要對話者之間的傳聲筒而已，他們也會參與、影響、改變溝通的過程與結果。研究整理出職棒球團口譯依據不同情境會扮演四種角色，包含助理教練、衝突調停者、球隊行政人員，以及外籍球員或教練的私人助理。他們在口譯的過程中會視情況增刪翻譯內容，有時也會試圖化解主要對話者之間的衝突與對立。除此之外，研究結果亦指出，球隊口譯的工作不僅止於翻譯對話，還包括球隊的行政工作以及照顧外籍球員、教練的生活需求，可見球隊口譯實際的角色與責任，超乎傳統上我們對翻譯人員的定位和定義。

Rapid globalization in recent decades has allowed teams of major sports leagues around the world to recruit elite international talent, boosting the leagues’ overall competitiveness and the quality of games. The import of foreign athletes necessitates the existence and assistance of team interpreters. However, few past interpreting studies investigated the work of sports team interpreters. The present study explores sports team interpreters by examining the actual practice of interpreting service and the roles of team interpreters of the CTBC Brothers in the sole professional sports league in Taiwan, the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL). Field observation was conducted in the 2019 spring training camp of the Brothers, and 16 interviews with team interpreters, players, and coaches were also held. Results show that team interpreters not only serve as language intermediaries for the primary interlocutors, they are also active participants in the interpreted dialogues. They play the roles of assistant coach, emotion filter, team administrative staff, and personal assistant. The interpreters sometimes add or filter out information, and settle disputes between players and coaches. In addition, they also need to do administrative work and take care of foreign members’ life off the field. The results suggest that team interpreters’ role and responsibility are beyond the conventional definition of interpreter and translator.

Chapter 1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………1
1.1 Background of the study……………………………………………………….1
1.2 Cross-cultural communication problems and inadequate sports interpreters.....4
1.3 Lack of research on sports team interpreting..…………………………………5
1.4 Purposes and contributions of the research……………………………………6
1.5 Organization of the research…………………………………………………...7
Chapter 2 Literature Review…………………………………………………………...8
2.1 The need for sports interpreters/translators……………………………………8
2.1.1 Interpreting service in major professional sports teams and leagues….….9
2.2 In-house interpreting…………………………………………………………12
2.2.1 The roles of in-house interpreters……………………………………….16
2.2.2 The working pattern of in-house interpreters: dialogue interpreting…….19
2.3 The unique working environment of a professional baseball team…...............24
2.4 Summary………………………………………………………..……………26
Chapter 3 Methodology………………………………………………………………29
3.1 Rationale for methodological approach: field observation and interview…...29
3.2 Participants: CTBC Brothers team members…………………………………31
3.3 Data collection……………………………………………………………….34
3.4 Data analysis…………………………………………………………………37
Chapter 4 Results and Discussion…………………………………………………….40
4.1 Background information on the research subjects……………………………40
4.1.1 Introduction to the CTBC Brothers spring training camp……………….41
4.1.2 Team interpreters, coaches, and players………………………………...43
4.2 Roles of the team interpreters………………………………………………...49
4.2.1 Assistant coach / Foreign coaches’ right-hand man……………………..49
4.2.2 Conflict mediator / Emotion filter……………………………………….58
4.2.3 Team administration staff……………………………………………….62
4.2.4 Personal assistant / Foreign player’s lifeline…………………………….66
4.3 Challenges for the team interpreters………………………………………….72
4.3.1 Becoming scapegoats for primary interlocutors………………………...72
4.3.2 Interpreter’s dilemma…………………………………………………...75
4.3.3 Deficient job security……………………………………………………78
4.3.4 Lack of personal life…………………………………………………….79
4.4 Suggestions for improvement………………………………………………...80
4.4.1 Basic interpreting skills training………………………………………...81
4.4.2 Standardization of team interpreter position…………………………….86
4.4.3 The “one interpreter one foreigner” model……………………………...88
4.5 Summary……………………………………………………………………..92
Chapter 5 Conclusions………………………………………………………………..94
5.1 Limitations and recommendations for future research……………………….96
References ……………………………………………………………………………...98
Appendix 1 Interview Questions (Interpreters)…………………………………….106
Appendix 2 Interview Questions (Local Players and Coaches)…………………….107
Appendix 3 Interview Questions (Foreign Players and Coaches)………………….108
Appendix 4 Consent Forms (Local Team Members)………………………………109
Appendix 5 Consent Forms (Foreign Players and Coaches)……………………….114
Appendix 6 2017-2021 Basic Agreement: Bilingual Media Coordinator………….120

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