臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文提出適用於多重接地配電系統的三相諧波電力潮流分析技術及其被動式電力濾波器之最佳設計方法。首先，開發考量中性線與接地特性的三相四線式配電系統網路模型，基於電路解耦合概念和注入電流等效原理，將系統元件區分為串聯阻抗與並聯導納兩部分，串聯阻抗可利用圖脈理論建構出全系統的匯流排阻抗矩陣，而並聯導納則等效為匯流排注入電流，結合匯流排阻抗矩陣與匯流排注入電流即可推導本論文直接 電力潮流法，省去以往隱含式 法的矩陣求逆過程，提高計算效率。此外，本論文依搖擺匯流排是否考量接地阻抗，提出兩種處理中性線接地阻抗的方式，利用IEEE測試系統相互比較並說明兩者的優劣與使用時機。同時，與基於注入電流的前後掃描法和牛頓法進行收斂性能測試，驗證本文所提直接 法的疊代次數不受接地點數與接地阻抗大小的影響，收斂性能優於前述兩種演算法。本文研提之三相諧波電力潮流分析主要貢獻在於可詳細評估系統接地特性、負載條件、電容器投切與諧波成分等因素對系統中性點電壓、中性線電流、諧波失真和線路損失之具體影響。為改善中性線3次級諧波的問題，最後本論文結合非支配排序基因演算法II(Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II, NSGAII)，進行多目標被動式電力濾波器設計，與過去方法的差別在於全面性地考量三相不平衡的諧波系統，而非將系統等效為單相，另外，也以實際常用的電容器容量作為最佳化濾波器的電容器選擇，因此設計出的濾波器能滿足三相系統的諧波限制且更貼近實務應用。

The main purpose of this thesis is to develop a three-phase harmonic power flow and its passive power filter design for multi-grounded four-wires distribution systems. Firstly, the network model of three-phase four-wire power distribution system considering the neutral line and grounding characteristics is developed. Based on the circuit decoupling concept and the injection current equivalent principle, the system components are divided into two parts: series impedance and parallel conduction. The series impedance can be used to construct the system bus impedance matrix by the graph theory, and the parallel admittance are equivalent to the bus injection currents.
The direct power flow method in this thesis is derived by bus impedance matrix and bus injection currents, without bus admittance matrix inversion process of the past implicit method, and the calculation efficiency is improved. In addition, two methods to deal with the neutral grounding impedance in power flow are proposed according to the swing bus grounding impedance. To compare pros and cons in these two methods, IEEE test systems are used. At the same time, the convergence performance of the proposed method is compared with the forward-backward sweep method and Newton method based on the current injection principle. The iteration number of the proposed method is not affected by the number of grounding points and grounding impedances, and the convergence performance is better than the above mentioned two methods.
The main contribution of the three-phase harmonic power flow analysis proposed in this thesis is that it can evaluate the influence of the system neutral voltage, neutral current, harmonic distortion and line loss by system grounding characteristics, load conditions, capacitor switching and harmonic components in detail. Finally, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGAII) is combined to design the passive power filter to suppress the problem of triplen harmonics in the neutral line.
The difference from the past method is comprehensive consideration of three-phase unbalanced harmonic system, rather than a single-phase harmonic system. Furthermore, the actual capacitor capacity is used as the capacitor selection for optimizing passive filter. Therefore, the designed filter can satisfy all harmonic limits in the three-phase system.

中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT III
致謝 V
目錄 VII
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 X
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 1
1.3 研究貢獻 3
1.4 章節概述 4
第二章 三相四線配電系統與諧波介紹 7
2.1 前言 7
2.2 三相四線多重接地配電系統架構 7
2.3 諧波概論 8
2.4 諧波分析技術 17
2.5 結語 17
第三章 三相四線配電系統建模與諧波電力潮流分析 19
3.1 前言 19
3.2 三相四線配電系統元件模型 19
3.3 直接 法之諧波電力潮流 39
3.4 系統模擬測試 60
3.5 結語 77
第四章 三相四線配電系統諧波與接地特性分析 79
4.1 前言 79
4.2 負載分析 79
4.3 接地分析 83
4.4 諧波分析 89
4.5 結語 94
第五章 最佳化被動式濾波器規劃設計 95
5.1 前言 95
5.2 被動式濾波器模型 95
5.3 最佳化演算法 99
5.4 濾波器規劃 108
5.5 個案分析 109
5.6 結語 126
第六章 結論與未來研究方向 127
6.1 結論 127
6.2 未來研究方向 128
參考文獻 130
附錄A 135
附錄B 137
附錄C 142
附錄D 144

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