商品的來源與安全性一直受消費者所關注。商品從生產、加工到運輸，最後交到消費者手裡，這整套流程是由許多利益不同的組織所參與。傳統供應鏈中，由於每個組織的資料都是各自管理，若消費者需要追溯商品的來源，必須依序與相關組織取得資料，使得商品的可溯性非常困難。本研究以區塊鏈、智能合約和星際檔案系統(InterPlanetary File System, IPFS)實作一套可追溯性供應鏈系統雛形，記錄商品在供應鏈中所有過程，並用智能合約記錄每一項原料的資料。運用區塊鏈的特性，將不同組織的資料放置同一條鏈上，並確保私密資料的安全性。每個組織僅需申請一個免費錢包即可加入此系統，並將商品資料上傳至鏈上。若消費者需要追溯商品的來源，僅需透過智能合約，便可取得商品的詳細資料。運用智能合約來作為供應鏈中各組織的橋梁，不管是生產、運輸或交易貨物，所有動作都會公開並紀錄在鏈上。透過這種機制，解決了傳統供應鏈資料孤立的問題，不僅降低維護資料安全之成本，且不需第三方信任組織便能確保交易與資料傳遞時的安全性，讓供應鏈的每個角色更緊密的連接，輕鬆達成商品的溯源。

The source and safety of commodities have always been concerned by consumers. Commodities are produced, processed, transported, and finally delivered to consumers. This entire process is participated by many organizations. In the traditional supply chain, the information of each organization is managed separately. If consumers need to trace the source of the commodity, they must obtain the information in sequence with the relevant organization. It makes the traceability of the commodity very difficult. This research uses blockchain, smart contract and InterPlanetary File System to implement a traceable supply chain system prototype. It records all the processes of commodities in the supply chain, and use smart contracts to record the data of each raw material. It uses the characteristics of the blockchain to put data from different organizations on the same chain and ensure the security of private data. Each organization only needs to apply for a free wallet to join this system, and they can upload the commodity information to the chain. If consumers need to trace the origin of the goods, they can obtain detailed information about the goods through smart contracts. Using smart contracts as a bridge between organizations in the supply chain. Whether it is production, transportation or trading of goods, all processes will be public and recorded on the chain. The system can solve the problem of data isolation in the traditional supply chain. It not only reduces the cost of maintaining data security, but also ensures the security of transactions and data transmission without third-party trust organizations. All roles on the chain can realize the traceability of goods.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
表目錄 iv
圖目錄 v
第一章、緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機 2
1.3 研究目的 3
1.4 論文架構 4
第二章、文獻探討 5
2.1 傳統供應鏈 5
2.2 區塊鏈技術 6
2.2.1 去中心化資料庫 8
2.2.2 可追溯性 9
2.2.3 資料的不變性 9
2.2.4 可審核性和不需受信任的第三方輔助 9
2.2.5 降低成本 10
2.2.6 智能合約 10
2.2.7 星際檔案系統IPFS (InterPlanetary File System) 12
2.3 相關研究 13
第三章、系統設計與方法 15
3.1 角色功能介紹 15
3.2 功能模組介紹 18
3.3系統架構 21
3.3.1 框架介紹 21
3.3.2 套件介紹 22
第四章、實作案例展示 24
第五章、結論與未來展望 31

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